组织场域视角下单项运动协会变迁的动力与路径分析
2017-09-05范美丽蔡里蒙
范美丽+蔡里蒙
摘 要:运用文献资料法和归纳演绎法,以组织场域为理论视角,以组织场域分析层次为研究路径,提出我国单项运动协会的组织场域分析框架, 阐述我国单项运动协会在形成与发展过程中的动力与阻力。认为:单项运动协会发展是在组织场域中进行的,制度环境、社会环境和单项运动协会主体构成了单项运动协会的组织场域。在路径选择方面,单项运动协会与政府的互动机制由制度化协同模式转向联动嵌入模式、单项运动协会需厘清组织场域内的位置关系,进而优化社会支持环境及单项运动协会治理结构自我完善的路径,为单项运动协会变迁提供各种动力,为单项运动协会向目标模式变迁提供不同的路径。
关键词:单项运动协会;非营利组织;路径分析;组织场域
中图分类号:G 80-053 文章编号:1009-783X(2017)04-0363-04 文献标识码:A
Abstract: By using the methods of literature review and the inductive-deductive method, taking the organizational field as theoretical perspective and the level of analysis as research approach, a framework analysis of the organization of national sports federation is put forward, which will lead to changes national sports federation in the model, power and mechanism and emphasis on influencing factors as important objects of research. The framework analysis also interprets the power and resistance in the process of the formation and the development of national sports federation. The conclusion is as follows: the development of national sports federation is taking place in organizational field, which includes the system environment, the social condition and the main part of the association. On path selection, the interaction mechanism between the national sports federation and the government is from the institutionalized collaborative model shift linkage embedded mode, national sports federation needs to clarify the location relationship within the organizational field, optimize the environment of social support and self-improvement the path of the governance structure of national sports federation, and provide different power for the development of national sports federation.
Keywords: national sports federation; nonprofit organization; path analysis; organizational field
從当前的实践效果来看,单项运动协会去行政化后面临新的困境,基于此,本研究首先阐述了组织场域的内涵,针对单项运动协会的场域特点,建立起单项运动协会组织场域的分析架构,以单项运动协会的目标模式为发展方向,期望探索出单项运动协会发展的新动力,试图寻求单项运动协会能够摆脱发展困境的新路径。
1 单项运动协会的组织场域
组织社会学理论认为,“组织场域”是:一个存在普遍意义系统的组织社群,相对于社群外部的行动者,内部成员彼此之间存在频繁而紧密的互动[1]。也就是说,一些受到相似制度力量影响的组织通过协商、谈判、合作、竞争等方式构建了特定的组织场域,这不仅包括了相互竞争的企业,还包括相互联系的相关组织。……
