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智能化航电系统功能需求捕获与功能分配方法

2017-08-24仲照华

科技创新导报 2017年14期

仲照华

DOI:10.16660/j.cnki.1674-098X.2017.14.007

摘 要:传统的以设备为出发的航电系统功能捕获方法忽视系统之间功能的权衡与协作关系的捕获,导致设计后期存在大量的设计更改,且不能有效地解决未来智能化航电系统的需求捕获问题。面对该问题,该文首先提出了将航电系统的需求的来源划分为任务来源和飞机平台来源,并针对这两类来源的需求提出不同的需求捕获与功能分配方法;而后,该文重点叙述了由任务所衍生的航电系统需求捕获与功能分配方法:该方法由任务出发,首先将飞机的指挥功能与任务环境、飞机的载体功能进行分离,捕获驾驶舱系统功能;而后以机器的智能作为权衡机组与机器系统功能的方法,根据飞机的指挥功能捕获机器系统功能;最后根据该机器系统和定义的系统功能边界,捕获航电系统功能。

关键词:航电系统 功能分配 人机系统 功能权衡 智能系统

中图法分类号:V241.01 文献標识码:A 文章编号:1674-098X(2017)05(b)-0007-05

A Method for Requirements Captured and Function Allocated for Intelligent Avionics

Zhong Zhaohua

(China Aeronautical Radio Electronics Research Institute, Shanghai, 200241, China)

Abstract:The existing methods of avionics systems requirements capture based on equipments ignore the function tradeoff and the co-operation among different systems, and the methods are unsuitable to the development of intelligent avionics. Using these methods results in significant design changes in latter phase of design in a specific project. Therefore, we introduce a method for an avionics requirements capture and functions allocation method in this paper to reduce the gap of different system co-operation in a specific A/C. First of all, we suggest dividing the sources of avionics requirements into the task source and the specific A/C platform source, and then using different methods to capture avionics requirements. Then, we explain more details about the method for the task sources requirements. Firstly, divide the tasks into three parts: the environment events, the carrier events, and command events, and then capture the requirements of cockpit system from command events. Secondly, allocate the cockpit system function to crew and/or machine by tradeoff the certain function performer, based on the intelligence level classification. Thirdly, capture avionics requirements from equipment functions, based on system definition of avionics.

Key Words:Requirements Capture; Function Allocation; Man-Machine Collaboration; Function Tradeoff; Intelligent System

航空电子系统(下文简称“航电系统”)是现代飞机核心的系统之一,是保障现代飞机运行安全、任务执行的重要系统。其需求可以分为功能性需求、非功能性需求和约束需求三类。

其中,对于航电系统的功能性需求,在传统的飞机研制的过程中,采用以设备为主导的需求捕获方法,以设备为出发点,类比相似机型的航电系统的功能,而提出所研制机型的功能性要求。但是,航电系统是一个具有人机交互功能的系统,包括航电系统设备基本功能、与其他设备的协作功能、与机组的协作功能。……

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