张屹++邵俊++高远++江润++王淑云

DOI：10.16660/j.cnki.1674-098X.2017.14.003

摘 要：该文阐述了一种基于51单片机的自动取餐机器，降低了劳动力成本，提高了餐厅的售餐的高效性。自动售餐机由电动机输出额定转速，通过链传动带动主动轴承旋转，皮带轮在轴承驱动下带动两条同步带匀速运动，同步带间置有定位餐盘的支架，实现餐盘的往复运动，光电开关控制餐盘的停转。自动售餐机底部置有红外线灯管，定时间隔对往复运动到底部的餐盘进行加热，达到保温效果。取餐口置有紫外线灯管，只在取餐时对内部环境进行消毒。

关键词：51单片机 光电开关 紫外线 红外线

中图分类号：TN973.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-098X（2017）05（b）-0003-03

Design of Automatic Sale of the Machine Based on 51 Microcontrollers

Zhang Yi1 Shao Jun1 Gao Yuan1 Jiang Run 2 Wang Shuyun3

（1.School of Mechanical Engineering，HeFei University of Technology；2.School of Management，HeFei University of Technology；3.School of Electrical and Automation Engineering，HeFei University of Technology， Hefei Anhui， 230009， China）

Abstract： This paper elaborates a kind of automatic sale of the machine based on 51 microcontrollers which greatly reduces the labor cost and improves the efficiency of the restaurant . The rated speed of the automatic sale of the machine is outputd by the motor driving active bearings for rotary motion through chain drive.The pulley drives two synchronized belts with uniform motion under the bearing drive.The timing belt is equipped with a bracket for positioning the tray to achieve the reciprocating motion of the tray and the meal is stopped by the photoelectric switch.The infrared light tube which is at the bottom of the automatic sale of the machine heat the plate reciprocating to the bottom by interval time to achieve insulation and sterilization effect.There is an ultraviolet lamp in the mouth of the meal which disinfect the Internal environment only when taking a meal.

Key Words： 51 microcontrollers； Photoelectric switch； Ultraviolet ray； Infrared ray

機器人送餐技术首先由国外提出并采用，目前国内一些高档餐厅开始使用机器人送餐，虽节省了劳动力，但其成本过高，应用范围狭隘。当下，国内外部分自动售餐机研究致力于在餐盘中植入存储芯片，总体成本过高，且餐盘不易区分，此外还餐盘具有专一性，使用极为不便。国内目前也只是简单引进国外技术，但并不适合普通餐厅及食堂。

为此，该文在传统取餐方式的基础上采用机械与电子相结合，设计了一种基于51单片机的自动取餐机器，应用于企业员工、高校学生以及公共餐厅就餐，极大地降低了劳动力成本，提高了餐厅售餐的高效性与及时性，具有很高的实用性。

1 自动售餐机的工作原理

1.1 自动售餐机的主体框架

自动售餐机的外观是一个密封的箱体装置，箱体的右侧为一可上下抽拉的侧板，用于打开箱体，及时更换餐盘。……