日粮添加屎肠球菌制剂对泌乳中期奶牛泌乳和消化性能的影响
2017-08-13袁霞徐巧云王梦芝霍永久罗昱宏
袁霞 徐巧云 王梦芝 霍永久 罗昱宏



摘要[目的]研究饲粮中添加屎肠球菌制剂对泌乳中期奶牛泌乳量和表观消化率的影响。[方法]选取24头体重、胎次、泌乳量、泌乳期、体况等基本一致的荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为3组:对照组、低剂量组(30 g/d屎肠球菌)、高剂量组(60 g/d屎肠球菌),测定泌乳量和第0、14、28天的表观消化率。[结果]泌乳量在时间上无显著差异(P>0.05);高剂量组泌乳量最高,且显著高于低剂量组(P<0.05),并高于对照组8.00%。高剂量屎肠球菌组干物质采食量显著低于低剂量屎肠球菌组(P<0.05)。第28天,奶牛粗蛋白消化率显著低于第14天(P<0.05),但粗脂肪消化率显著高于第14天(P<0.05)。此外,高剂量屎肠球菌组粗脂肪消化率显著高于低剂量屎肠球菌组。[结论]奶牛泌乳中期饲粮中添加60 g/d屎肠球菌制剂能够提高泌乳量及饲料粗脂肪的表观消化率,有利于饲料的转化和利用。
关键词屎肠球菌;泌乳量;表观消化率
中图分类号S816.7文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2017)17-0085-03
Abstract[Objective] To study the effects of adding Enterococcus faecium preparation in the diet on milk yield and apparent digestibility of dairy cows in the middle lactation stage. [Method] Twentyfour Holstein cows with similar body weight, fetal times, milk yield, lactating period, body condition and other status were selected and randomly divided into three groups: control group, lowdose group (30 g/d E. faecium), highdose group (60 g/d E. faecium). The milk yield and apparent digestibility on the 0th , 14th , 28th d were determined. [Result] There was no significant difference of milk yield at different time (P > 0.05). The milk yield in highdose group was the highest, which was significantly higher than that in lowdose group(P < 0.05 ). The dry matter intake in highdose group was significantly lower than that in low dose group (P < 0.05 ). The crude protein digestibility on the 28th day was significantly lower than that on the 14th day(P < 0.05), but the crude fat digestibility on the 28th day was significantly higher that on the 14th day (P < 0.05 ). Additionally, the crude fat digestibility in highdose group was significantly higher than that in lowdose group (P < 0.05 ). [Conclusion] Adding 60 g/d E. faecium preparation in the diet of Holstein cows in the middle lactation stage can enhance the milk yield and apparent digestibility of crude fat.
Key wordsEnterococcus faecium;Milk yield;Apparent digestibility
基金項目揚州大学大学生创新训练项目(X20160668);江苏省自然科学基金基础研究项目(BK20141270,BK20151312);江苏省优势学科项目(PAPD)。
作者简介袁霞(1997—),女,江西九江人,本科生,专业:动物科学。
*通讯作者:王梦芝,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究;霍永久,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,从事动物生产、营养与环境以及分子营养学研究。
收稿日期2017-04-21
近年来,微生态制剂被越来越多地应用于畜牧生产,微生态制剂中的有益菌在动物肠道内生长繁殖产生多种消化酶,并且合成B族维生素、氨基酸以及未知促生长因子等营养物质,提高饲料转化率、促进动物生长,参与动物机体的新陈代谢及某些重要的代谢反应[1-2]。同时,微生态制剂具有环境友好、无残留等优点,对于保护养殖生态环境和养殖业可持续发展具有重要意义。屎肠球菌属于肠球菌属,具有优良的生物学特性,在肠道中可形成优势菌群,增加有益菌数量,抑制有害菌,能够维持肠道菌群平衡,提高免疫力,并且对动物生产有一定的促进作用[3]。研究……
