小兴安岭菊科植物区系地理与多样性研究
2017-08-13杨洪升王长宝马也历秋玉王长平
杨洪升 王长宝 马也 历秋玉 王长平


摘要[目的]为小兴安岭菊科植物资源的保护和合理开发利用提供理论依据。[方法] 采用野外调查和标本鉴定的方法,对小兴安岭菊科植物物种多样性、区系地理成分和经济用途多样性等进行了研究。[结果]该区共有菊科植物126种,隶属48属,且优势属明显,少种属和单种属占总属数的比例分别为37.50%和56.25%。从属层次上表现出典型的温带性质,以北温带成分为主,且没有我国特有属。[结论] 小兴安岭菊科植物组成丰富,区系地理成分多样,经济用途多样。
关键词菊科;植物区系;多样性;小兴安岭
中图分类号S17文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2017)17-0008-01
Abstract[Objective] To provide theoretical basis for protection,reasonable development and utilization of Asteraceae resources in the Xiaoxingan Mountains.[Method] Using the methods of field survey and identification of specimen,the species diversity, floristic geography and economic utility diversify of Asteraceae plants in the Xiaoxingan Mountains were studied.[Result] There were 126 species of Asteraceae belonging to 48 genera.The dominant genera were prominent, and the percentage of minor genus and single genus took 37.50% and 56.25% of total number of genera, respectively.Asteraceae plants in the region showed the typical temperate floral characters at genus level, North Temperate type was the dominant.And there was no Chinese endemic genus.[Conclusion] Asteraceae plants in the Xiaoxingan Mountains have abundant plant components, many geographical elements of flora and various economic utility.
Key wordsAsteraceae;Flora;Diversity;Xiaoxingan Mountains
基金項目黑龍江省自然科学基金项目(QC2012C104);黑龙江省教育厅科技项目(12541808);佳木斯大学青年基金项目(Sq2013-026)。
作者简介杨洪升(1979—),男,黑龙江绥化人,讲师,博士,从事植物资源学及分子生物学研究。*通讯作者,副教授,博士,从事动植物检疫研究。
收稿日期2017-04-14
菊科是种子植物中分化程度最高、所含种数和属数最多的科,广泛分布于全世界,其区系成分复杂,经济价值也高[1]。小兴安岭野生植物资源丰富,在植物资源多样性和维护生态平衡中起着重要的作用。笔者对小兴安岭菊科野生植物资源及其多样性进行了调查研究,旨在为该区菊科野生植物资源的进一步开发和保护提供理论依据。
1材料与方法
1.1研究区概况
小兴安岭位于黑龙江省东北部,面积1 151.0万hm2,地理坐标为125°20′~131°20′ E,45°50′~51°10′ N。该区植物种类和群落类型丰富,地带性植被是以红松为主的针阔叶混交林,西北部为兴安落叶松林,是我国和亚洲东北部很具代表性的温带针阔叶混交林区[2-3]。……
