花生壳可溶性膳食纤维物化及功能特性的研究
2017-07-13单平阳王磊石可歆孟哲黄月郑素荣
单平阳 王磊 石可歆 孟哲 黄月 郑素荣



摘要 [目的]比较分析花生壳膳食纤维的提取方法、理化和功能特性。[方法]以花生壳为原料,分别采用直接水提法(W)、乳酸菌发酵法(F)和挤压膨化法(E)提取花生壳可溶性膳食纤维(SDF),详细比较它们的各种理化和功能特性。[结果]W-SDF、F-SDF和E-SDF的溶解性分别为2.07%、3.74%和4.72%,持水力分别为8.63、12.84和15.28 g/g,持油力分别为2.32、3.07和4.17 g/g,膨胀力分别为11.73、13.85和16.23 mL/g,乳化活性分别为408.3、 528.4和604.6 mL/L,乳化稳定性分别为428.7、489.3和563.8 mL/L,最小凝胶浓度分别为13.19%、 10.24%和8.92%;在肠道环境(pH 7.0)中,对重金属Pb吸附能力分别为178.6、243.6、308.1 μmol/g,對As的吸附能力分别为143.5、200.4、276.5 μmol/g,对Cu的吸附能力分别为49.3、103.8、169.3 μmol/g;在胃环境(pH 2.0)中,W-SDF、F-SDF、E-SDF对重金属Pb的吸附能力分别为52.9、106.3、178.5 μmol/g,对As的吸附能力分别为60.3、98.4、164.2 μmol/g,对Cu的吸附能力分别为32.7、50.2、89.7 μmol/g。[结论]研究结果可为花生壳膳食纤维的功能改性及综合利用提供理论依据。
关键词 花生壳;可溶性膳食纤维;提取方法;理化特性;功能特性
中图分类号 TS201.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)13-0089-03
Study on Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Peanut Shell
SHAN Ping-yang1, WANG Lei1*, SHI Ke-xin2 et al
(1. Tangshan Food and Drug Administration, Tangshan, Hebei 063000; 2. College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410000)
Abstract [Objective] To study extraction methods, physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF) from peanut shell.[Method] With peanut shell as raw material, SDF was extracted from peanut shell by water extraction(W), lactic acid bacteria fermentation(F) and extrusion(E), the physicochemical and functional properties were compared in detail.[Result] The result showed that the solubility, water holding capacity, oil holding capacity and swelling force of W-SDF, F-SDF and E-SDF were (2.07%, 3.74% and 4.72%), (8.63, 12.84 and15.28 g/g), (2.32, 3.07 and 4.17 g/g), (11.73, 13.85 and 16.23 mL/g), respectively; The emulsifying property, emulsifying stability and minimum gel concentration were (408.30, 528.40 and 604.60 mL/L), (428.70, 489.30 and 563.80 mL/L), (1319%, 10.24% and 8.92%), respectively; The binding capacities for heavy metal ion Pb, As and Cu were (178.6, 243.6, 308.1 μmol/g), (143.5, 200.4, 276.5 μmol/g), (49.3, 103.8, 169.3 μmol/g) at pH 7.0 and (52.9, 106.3, 178.5 μmol/g), (603, 98.4, 164.2 μmol/g), (32.7, 50.2, 89.7 μmol/g) at pH 2.0, respectively.[Conclusion] The research can provide a reference for functional modifications and utilization of dietary fiber from peanut shell.
Key words Peanut shell;Soluble dietary fiber;Extraction method;Physicochemical property;Functional property
近年来,膳食纤维在食品营养和临床医学上的重要作用越来越受到人们的关注,被称为人类“第七大营养元素”[1-3]。膳食纤维虽不具营养价值,但其具有的物化特性使之具有独特的生理功能和营养保健作用。按其溶解性的不同大致分为可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)和不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)两类[4-8]。可溶性膳食纤维较不溶性膳食纤维在生理功能方面更能发挥其代谢作用,在促进肠道益生菌的生长,预防糖尿病、肥胖病、冠心病、动脉硬化、高血脂等方面具有特殊的功效[9-15]。
我国是世界花生生产、消费和出口大国,种植面积和年产量均居世界前列。……
