林玉环 高昆 吕鑫华 况鹏群 井文华 王敏敏 赵玉

摘要 [目的]优选薰衣草精油的制备及其微胶囊化工艺。[方法]采用水蒸气蒸馏法制备薰衣草精油，通过单因素试验和正交试验，以精油的提取率为指标，考察原料粒度、料液比、浸泡时间和提取时间对薰衣草精油制备工艺的影响；采用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）分析薰衣草精油的主体呈香成分及含量；采用大豆分离蛋白、β-环糊精和麦芽糊精包埋薰衣草精油。[结果]水蒸气蒸馏法制备薰衣草精油的最优条件为原料粒度60目、料液比1∶15（g∶mL）、浸泡时间1.5 h、提取时间4.0 h，精油的平均提取率為2.34%；经GC-MS分析，薰衣草精油的主体呈香成分为萜类化合物及其衍生物，主要有芳樟醇（34.81%）、乙酸芳樟酯（22.44%）等，占精油中挥发性成分的9348%；最优条件下，大豆分离蛋白、β-环糊精和麦芽糊精的薰衣草精油包埋率分别为64.40%、43.95%和60.84%，大豆分离蛋白的包埋效果最佳。[结论]水蒸气蒸馏法可用于薰衣草精油的制备，大豆分离蛋白可作为薰衣草精油的天然包埋材料。

关键词 薰衣草精油；水蒸气蒸馏法；正交试验；呈香成分；微胶囊化

中图分类号 TQ654+.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）13-0076-04

Study on the Preparation Process of Lavender Essential Oil and Its Microencapsulation Process

LIN Yu-huan1， GAO Kun1， L Xin-hua2， KUANG Peng-qun1* et al

（1. Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Lunan Chinese Herbal Medicine， Linyi University， Linyi， Shandong 276000； 2. Feixian Food and Drug Administration， Feixian， Shandong 273400）

Abstract [Objective] To optimize the preparation process for lavender essential oil and its microencapsulation process. [Method] Lavender essential oil was prepared with steam distillation method， extraction yield of essential oil was used as evaluation index to investigate the influences of the granularity of raw material， the ratio of material to liquid， the soaking time and the extraction time on the preparation process of lavender essential oil through single factor and orthogonal test. The composition and content of principal aroma components of the lavender essential oil were analyzed with GC-MS. Lavender essential oil was microencapsulated with soybean protein isolate， β-cyclodextrin and maltodextrin respectively. [Result] The optimum processing conditions for lavender essential oil prepared with steam distillation method were as follows： the granularity of raw material was 60 mesh， the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶15（g∶mL）， the soaking time was 1.5 h and the extraction time was 4.0 h， the average extraction yield of lavender essential oil was 2.34%. After analysis with GC-MS， the principal aroma components of the lavender essential oil were terpenoids and their derivatives， including linalool （34.81%） and linalyl acetate （22.44%）， the total content of these compounds in volatile constituents of lavender essential oil was 93.48%. Under the optimum conditions， the embedding rates of lavender essential oil microencapsulated with soybean protein isolate， β-cyclodextrin and maltodextrin were 64.40%， 43.95% and 6084% respectively， the embedding effect of soybean protein isolate was the best. [Conclusion] Steam distillation method can be used for the preparation of lavender essential oil， and soybean protein isolate can be used as natural embedding material for lavender essential oil.

Key words Lavender essential oil；Steam distillation method；Orthogonal test；Aroma components； Microencapsulation

薰衣草为唇形科薰衣草属半耐热性植物，喜凉爽，分布在大西洋群岛及地中海地区至索马里、巴基斯坦及印度[1]。薰衣草株型优美，花色淡雅，香气清香肃爽，故有“百草之王”的美誉[2]。薰衣草精油含多种芳香族化合物，具有较强的挥发性，是一种重要的天然香料[3]，同时还具有杀菌、镇定、松弛平滑肌[4]、抗凝血、抗狂躁、抗氧化、驱虫等生物活性[5]。……