梅岚++陈高华

摘 要：随着工业化进程的推进和公众生态意识的增强，近年来出现的雾霾天气日益成为人们的关注焦点。但从严格的意义上来讲，雾和霾是两种不同的现象。雾是一种自然现象，而霾更多的是一种社会现象，是影响到每一个人身体健康和生活质量的社会问题。究其根源，它是推崇经济增长、把经济增长看成是社会进步的前提的发展主义意识形态的必然产物。就发展主义意识形态而言，技术则是其中的一个关键因素，它既是发展主义得以存在的支柱，也被认为是解决发展主义意识形态所带来的问题的可靠路径。阿伦特基于其特殊的经历和独特的极权主义分析，认为技术一方面有助于人们构建一个稳定的世界，但随着现代技术的发展，技术日益显现出了它的极权性质，即让人变得多余，让人性处于危险之中。

关键词：雾霾；发展主义；技术批判；阿伦特

Abstract： With the enhancement of industrialization and the improvement of ecological awareness of the public， fog and haze weather has increasingly become the focus of concern in recent years. Fog is a natural phenomenon， but haze is often a social phenomenon which affects peoples health and life quality. It is essentially the product of developmentalism which views economic growth as the premise of social progress. As for the developmentalism， technology is one of the key elements， which is not only the pillar of developmentalism， but also the reliable approach to resolution of the problems brought about by developmentalism. However， Hannah Arendt， based on her special experience and unique analysis of totalitarianism， concluded that technology could help to build a stable world for human on one hand， and on the other hand， along with technology development， the totalitarian nature of technology has become increasingly apparent， which endangers human nature and makes human superfluous.

Key words： haze； developmentalism； critique of technology； Hannah Arendt

霧霾是众人皆知的问题，也是公众的话题中心，常常在各种媒体上引发大量的争论。遗憾的是，不管是对于雾霾成因的探讨，还是针对雾霾给出的各种分析和解决方案，基本上都是基于发展主义的模式。然而，要从根本上揭示雾霾以及当代社会存在的生态问题，必须对发展主义模式加以分析，指出生态问题背后的发展主义意识形态。进一步而言，在这种发展主义意识形态背后，技术这一因素扮演着至关重要的角色。因为，在当下占据绝对支配地位的发展主义意识形态那里，技术不仅是发展主义得以存在的支柱，也是解决因发展而带来的问题的道路。……