新加坡城市治理的特色及对中国的启示
2017-07-04陶林
陶林
[摘 要]当前我国城市治理面临八大问题。新加坡城市治理全球著名,其城市治理的特色主要有:严格依法治理,重视交通治理,重視绿化建设,重视民生建设,社会治安良好,加强种族融合,重视公众参与,官员廉洁守法。新加坡城市治理对中国城市治理的启示主要有:转变理念加快建设法治政府,严格依法治理城市,重视环境和交通治理,加强民生建设,重视社会治安,重视社区自治,扩大公众参与,严惩腐败。
[关键词]城市治理;中国;新加坡;特色;启示
[中图分类号]F291.1 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1671-8372(2017)02-0001-06
On the characteristics of Singapores urban governance and its reference to China
TAO Lin
(College of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)
Abstract:At present, urban governance in our country faces eight problems. The urban governance in Singapore is famous in the world, including eight major characteristics: governing cities according to the law; paying attention to the traffic management; concentrating on the green construction; focusing on peoples livelihood; fine social security; putting emphasis on the racial integration; attaching importance to the public participation; officials with clean hands and abiding by the law. Its reference to China is demonstrated as follows: changing the idea to speed up the construction of a law-based government; governing cities in accordance with the law; paying attention to the environment and traffic management; strengthening the construction of peoples livelihood; focusing on the security of the whole society and community autonomy; expanding public participation; and punishing corruption severely.
Key words:urban governance; China; Singapore; characteristics; reference
新加坡作为亚洲四小龙之一,其经济和政治发展处于东南亚前列。作为一个城市国家,新加坡在城市治理方面具有比较先进的理念,从而形成了其城市治理的鲜明特色。新加坡城市治理特色对应对中国城市治理面临的挑战,进而实现中国城市治理的现代化具有启示意义。
一、中国城市治理面临的挑战
中国的快速城市化带来了一系列严峻的城市治理问题。中国快速城市化始于20世纪80年代末。20世纪90年代以来,每年平均有1500万左右的民工进城,涌进城市的民工在为城市发展做出巨大贡献的同时,也引发了一系列的城市治理难题。尽管目前还存在户籍制度的限制,但是每年大量的流动人口和数以万计的大学毕业生留在城市已成为客观趋势。
改革开放以来,中国的城市治理模式逐渐从传统的管制型向现代的治理型转变,但是因为传统体制的惯性、政治文化等因素,传统的管理模式依然存在。……
