程小松++彭冬根++李霜玲++周君明

摘要：分别建立了污水源热泵四大部件（蒸发器、压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀阀）模型，并进行耦合。采用MATLAB软件进行编程模拟，分别计算了污垢热阻、污水流量、污水进口温度变化对热泵冬季制热性能的影响。结果显示：当污垢热阻在0～1（m2·K）/kW范围内变化，系统制热量由353 kW降低到301 kW，降低了14.8%；当污水入口温度由8 ℃升高到20 ℃时，系统制热量由320 kW升高到423 kW，升高了32.1%；当污水流量由10 kg/s升到20 kg/s时，系统制热量由339 kW增加到364 kW等。过程中热泵COP在3.6～4.8范围内变化，说明污水源热泵具有较好的热性能。

关键词：污水源热泵；污垢热阻；污水流量；制热性能

Abstract：

Four main device models （evaporator， condenser， compressor and expansion valve） of the sewagesource heat pump were developed and coupled. The MATLAB software was used for this simulation， and the effects of fouling resistance， sewage flow and sewage inlet temperature on the heating performance of sewagesource heat pump were calculated respectively. The results revealed that while the fouling resistance changed from 0 to 1（m2·K）/kW， the heating capacity of the device was decreased from 353 kW to 301 kW， decreased by 14.8%. While the sewage inlet temperature increased from 8 to 20 ℃， the heating capacity of the device was increased from 320 kW to 423 kW， increased by 32.1%. While the sewage flow increased from 10 kg/s to 20 kg/s， the heating capacity of the device was increased from 339 kW to 364 kW. The COP of this heat pump changed from 3.6 to 4.8 in the process， which illustrated the good heating performance of the sewage source heat pump.

Keywords：

sewagesource heat pump； fouling resistance； sewage flow； heating performance

能源短缺以及环境污染问题越来越受到人们的关注，随着暖通空调能耗的增加，越来越多的低品位可再生能源应用到暖通空调领域。城市污水作为一种低品位可再生能源，由于其具有水量充足，温度波动范围小，冬暖夏凉等优势，正越来越受研究者的重视[12]，污水源热泵是水源热泵的一种，利用城市污水作为冷热源，通过热泵技术为建筑提供冷量或热量[3]，充分体现了节能环保意识。

其他国家对热泵系统的研究较早，20世纪80年代，就开始对如何回收污水中的热量进行研究，并且，分析了污水源热泵的应用成效[4]，中国起步较晚，2005年开始，孙德兴等[5]研发了一种闭式取水装置；吴荣华等[6]基于工程实践，对系统能耗、制冷制热系数等进行了详细测试，分析了各参数的变化规律；庄兆意等[7]分析了直接式污水源热泵系统中存在的污垢、机组冬夏季切换等关键问题。……