宁夏回族地区大学生心理健康状况调查分析
2017-05-30王淑莲,陈婧,马文翰
王淑莲,陈婧,马文翰



摘 要:目的:全面了解宁夏回族地区大学生心理健康状况。方法:本研究选取宁夏14所高校的12467名大学生为被试,采用《症状自评量表SCL-90》,对数据结果用spss19.0进行分析。结果:(1)宁夏大学生在强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、敌对和偏执5个因子上的得分显著低于全国大学生常模;(2)汉族大学生在强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对和精神病性因子上显著高于回族大学生;回族大学生的躯体化因子得分显著高于汉族大学生;(3)来自城市、城镇和农村大学生在心理症状的所有因子均存在显著差异;(4)四个年级的大学生在心理症状的所有因子均存在显著差异。结论:汉族、大学四年级和来自农村的大学生更需要得到心理援助。
关键词:宁夏;大学生;心理健康;问卷调查
中图分类号:G641 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2017)18-0172-03
Abstract: Objective: To understand the mental conditions of college students in Hui nationality areas in Ningxia. Methods: 12467 college students from 14 universities in Ningxia were selected as subjects. The questionnaire survey was carried out using the scales of SCL-90 and the SPSS19.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: (1) Scores in the 5 factors (obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility and paranoia) of college students in Ningxia were significantly lower than the national norm; (2) the scores in obsessive-compulsive, depression and anxiety, hostility and psychoticism of Han nationality students are significantly higher than that of Hui college students; scores of somatization of Hui college students was significantly higher than that of the Han college students; (3) there are significant differences among students from the city, urban and rural in all factors of psychological symptoms; (4) students had significant differences in all factors of psychological symptoms among these four grades. Conclusion: Han students, college seniors and students from rural areas need more psychological help.
Keywords: ningxia; college students; mental health; questionnaire survey
近十几年来大学生的心理健康问题受到了广泛关注,大量的研究调查表明大学生是心理障碍的高发人群,大学生心理问题的发生率在10%~30%之间,心理障碍已成为大学生休学、退学的第一原因[1]。宁夏是少数民族回族集聚区,地处在我国经济落后的边远贫穷地区,由于地理环境及文化历史等方面的原因,人们思想观念保守。回族作为我国民族大家庭中的一员,有其特有的民族文化与独特的民族发展历程,心理状况和当地的经济文化状况有著紧密的联系,因此宁夏大学生的心理健康状况必然有其自身的特点。研究宁夏高校大学生的心理健康状况,了解宁夏大学生的心理特点,培养大学生健全人格成为宁夏高校人才培养和教学科学研究的一个重要课题,是宁夏高校为实现现代化培养人才的一个重要任务。……
