王天顺+杨玉霞+廖洁+范业赓+牙禹+朱俊杰+莫磊兴

摘要：以广西壮族自治区果蔗地表层土壤（0～20 cm）作为调查对象，分析了土壤中重金属Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、As和Hg的含量。以《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准为参照标准，采用单因子污染指数法、综合污染指数法、地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对研究区域土壤中重金属污染特征及其生态风险进行评价。结果表明，研究区域土壤中Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、As和Hg的平均含量分别为0.81、30.4、54.5、29.8、107.4、16.69、0.28 mg/kg，综合污染指数为2.03，属于中污染。地积累指数评价结果表明，Cd的地积累指数为1.02，属于中等污染，Hg的地累積指数为0.30，处于轻-中等污染；潜在生态危害综合指数评价结果显示，研究区域土壤中重金属污染处于中等生态风险程度，其中Cd的潜在生态危害指数最高，达到强生态危害程度。因此，增强果蔗地土壤安全性生产管理、严控土壤污染源与推行标准农业生产是十分必要的。

关键词：土壤；重金属；污染特征；污染评价；果蔗地

中图分类号：X53 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）07-1262-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.07.015

Content Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Chewing Cane Soils

WANG Tian-shun， YANG Yu-xia， LIAO Jie， FAN Ye-geng， YA Yu， ZHU Jun-jie， MO Lei-xing

（Research Institute of Agro-products Quality Safety and Testing Technology， Guangxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences/Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Sugarcane， China Ministry of Agriculture， Nanning 530007， China）

Abstract： The contents of soil heavy metals，such as Cd，Pb，Cr，Cu，Zn，As and Hg，in surface soil（0～20 cm） from the main chewing cane production farmland in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region，were investigated. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in soils were observed on the basis of environmental quality secondary standard values of single factor pollution index method and comprehensive pollution index method. Potential ecological risk assessment was evaluated by using the geoaccumulation index（Igeo） and potential ecological risk index（RI）. The results indicated that the average concentrations of Cd，Pb，Cr，Cu，Zn，As and Hg were 0.81，30.4，54.5，29.8，107.4，16.69 and 0.28 mg/kg，respectively. According to the comprehensive pollution index，the pollution degree was middle degree with PN was 2.03. According to the geoaccumulation index，the pollution degree of Cd was middle degree with Igeo was 1.02，and Hg ranged from light to middle degree with Igeo was 0.30. The potential ecological risk index indicated that the heavy metals in the soils from research area were at the moderate ecological hazard level. The rate of contribution for Cd was the highest to potential ecological risk index. Thus，effective farmland soil management is necessary to ensure security production， control soil pollution sources，and implement standard agricultural production.

Key words： soils； heavy metals； contaminant characteristics； risk assessment； chewing cane soil

土壤是人类赖以生存的自然资源，也是人类生态环境的重要组成部分。重金属在自然环境中广泛存在，因其持久性、积累性等特性及其对生态环境存在的潜在风险，受到国内外学者的高度关注[1，2]，土壤重金属污染已经成为当前人类面临的重要环境问题，也是目前环境科学领域的研究热点之一[3-6]。土壤重金属污染来源包括矿山采选冶炼、大气沉降、污水灌溉、固体废弃物堆存与处置、交通运输等[7，8]。当土壤中重金属达到一定的累积程度时，会通过食物链传递到动物和人体内，给生态环境及人体健康造成很大危害[9，10]。……