张凤英+谢红英+吴莲香

[摘要]目的 探讨赣南苏区临床兼职造口专科护士在肠造口患者围术期的护理效果。方法 将2015年5月～2016年5月我院收治的肠造口患者68例随机分成观察组和对照组，各34例。观察组患者围术期护理由临床兼职造口专科护士全程接管；对照组按常规由责任护士轮班执行。比较两组的护理效果。结果 观察组患者术后早期并发症发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05），住院天数短于对照组（P<0.05），家属第一次换袋平均花费造口袋个数少于对照组（P<0.05），出院满意度明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。结论 临床兼职造口专科护士通过专业连续的护理和教育，可减少造口早期并发症的发生，减少家属第一次换袋平均费用，缩短住院天数，明显提高患者满意度。

[关键词]赣南苏区；专科护士；肠造口；围术期

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）02（b）-0194-03

[Abstract]Objective To investigate the nursing effect of clinical part-time clinical specialist nurses during perioperative period of patients with intestinal stoma.Methods 68 patients with intestinal stoma treated by our hospital from May 2015 to May 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group，and there were 34 cases in each group.Patients in observation group were fully taken care of in the perioperative period by part-time clinical specialist nurses，while patients in control group received routine nursing care by responsible shift nurses.Nursing effect between two groups was compared.Results The incidence rate of early complications of patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P<0.05），hospitalization time was shorter than that of the control group （P<0.05），the family for the first time for the average cost of a number of ostomy bags was fewer than that of the control group （P<0.05），satisfaction degree leaving hospital was significantly higher than that of the control group （P<0.01）.Conclusion Through professional and continuous nursing and education，clinical nurse specialist part-time colostomy can reduce the occurrence of early complications for intestinal stoma，reduce the family for the first time the average cost for bags，shorten the length of hospitalization and obviously improve satisfaction degree of patients.

[Key words]Gannan Soviet Area；Specialist nurses；Intestinal stoma；Perioperative period

圍术期是围绕手术的一个全过程，包括术前、术中及术后的一段时间，指从确定手术治疗时开始，直到与这次手术有关的治疗基本结束为止，在术前5～7 d至术后7～12 d[1]。肠造口患者围术期护理传统由责任护士轮班执行，按普外科常规护理，造口护理无统一流程，发现造口袋破了、渗漏及有皮肤不适时才更换。肠造口患者极易发生并发症，有文献[2-3]报道，全国每年新增造口患者达10万余人，早期并发症发生率高达16.3～53.8%，严重影响肠造口患者生活质量[4-5]。从2010年开展“优质护护理服务示范工程”活动以来，积极响应优质护理服务关键是改革模式、转变观念的号召，全面投入到夯实基础护理，提供满意服务主题活动中[6]，提出大力培养专科护士。我院积极响应号召培养各领域专科护士投入临床实践，我院专科护理处于起始阶段，专科护士均为兼职。现将我科兼职造口护士参与肠造口患者围术期护理的临床资料及护理效果报道如下。……