肾素抑制剂阿利吉仑在非糖尿病肾小球疾病治疗中的应用前景
2017-04-07伍巧源廖蕴华
伍巧源++廖蕴华
[摘要]非糖尿病性肾小球疾病是导致终末期肾病(end stage renal disease,ESRD)的常见原因。慢性肾脏病进展到一定阶段后均通过肾小管间质纤维化共同途径发展到ESRD,该过程中肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)扮演重要的作用。阻断RAAS系统能延缓慢性肾脏病的进展;ACEI或ARB在肾脏疾病治疗上确实起到重要作用,但仍不令人满意,部分患者蛋白尿仍持续存在。阿利吉仑是第一个非肽类直接肾素抑制剂,不仅可直接作用于RAAS,还可抑制PRR/MAPK/ERK信号通路而起到抗纤维化作用。本文致力于阐述其应用于肾小球疾病的治疗前景。
[关键词]非糖尿病性肾小球疾病;肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统;阿利吉仑
[中图分类号] R692.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)02(b)-0018-04
[Abstract]Non-diabetic glomerulonephritis is a common cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD).The development of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) to a certain stage is through the common pathway of renal tubule interstitial fibrosis to ESRD,and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role during the process.Blocking RAAS system can delay the progress of CKD.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) exerts a great role,but which still is not satisfying due to persisted proteinuria in some patients.Aliskiren is the first non-peptide direct renin inhibitor,which not only directly influences on RAAS,also blocks the PRR/MAPK/ERK signal pathway with anti-fibrosis.The paper focused on the prospect of applying Aliskiren to glomerulopathy.
[Key words]Non-diabetic glomerulonephritis;Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system;Aliskiren
腎素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,RAAS)是体内调节血压及血容量的关键系统。近年研究证实还有许多血流动力学以外的作用,比如RAAS过度激活是肾脏疾病发生发展的重要机制之一:血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)可通过压力依赖性途径及非压力依赖性途径损伤肾脏,使肾脏出现蛋白尿、肾间质纤维化,因而抑制RAAS的活性成为肾脏病治疗的一个有效途径[1-2]。RAAS中,肾素由肾球旁细胞分泌,能催化血浆中血管紧张素转变为AngⅠ,后者在血管紧张素转换酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)的作用下,生成AngⅡ,AngⅡ可刺激肾上腺皮质球状带细胞合成和释放醛固酮。其中,肾素和ACE是激活RAAS过程的两个关键性限速酶,因此阻断RAAS的病理作用的药物一般有3类:肾素抑制剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)、AngⅡ受体拮抗药(angiotensin receptor blockers,ARB)。作为最早被用于临床的RAAS抑制剂,ACEI与ARB能有效地改善心血管或肾病患者的预后,但仍然不能完全抑制RAAS;……
