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冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化发生状况及相关因素研究

2017-03-28苏荏

中国实用医药 2017年5期
关键词:颈动脉粥样硬化冠心病

苏荏

【摘要】 目的 探讨冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化发生状况及相关因素。方法 250例患者, 均进行冠状动脉造影检查, 根据造影结果分为冠心病组(140例)和非冠心病组(110例), 观察两组颈动脉、颈内动脉及颈外动脉内径、内-中膜厚度(IMT)以及斑块积分、Gensini积分情况。再将250例患者按照年龄段分为三组, 其中中年期组(45~55岁)80例、老年前期组(56~65岁)86例、老年期组(66~78岁)84例, 观察三组性别及糖尿病、高尿酸血症、斑块、高血压病、冠心病、脑梗死发生情况, 依据线性回归观察高血压病、高尿酸血症、冠心病、糖尿病、脑梗死的OR值。结果 冠心病患者颈动脉、颈内动脉及颈外动脉内径、IMT以及斑块积分、Gensini积分均高于非冠心病组, 差異均具有统计意义(P<0.05)。中年期组、老年前期组、老年期组患者性别及糖尿病、高尿酸血症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组斑块、高血压病、冠心病、脑梗死发生率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。针对各因素进行的线性回归分析, 中年期糖尿病、脑梗死纳入回归方程, 其中糖尿病的OR=14.939, P<0.05;脑梗死的OR=11.432, P<0.05。老年前期高血压病、糖尿病、冠心病纳入回归方程, 其中高血压病的OR=3.014, P<0.05;冠心病的OR=2.956, P<0.05;糖尿病的OR=6.907, P<0.05。老年期高血压病、脑梗死、高尿酸血症、冠心病纳入回归方程, 其中高血压病的OR=6.047, P<0.05;脑梗死的OR=7.590, P<0.05;高尿酸血症的OR=5.499, P<0.05;冠心病的OR=3.712, P<0.05。结论 针对冠心病及由此造成的心脑血管疾病患者, 应该进行定期的颈动脉超声检查, 及时的预防和诊治, 以降低中老年人高血压、脑梗死等疾病的发生率。

【关键词】 冠心病;颈动脉粥样硬化;相关因素

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.05.009

Study on occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in coronary heart disease patients and its related factors SU Ren. Zhengzhou University Affiliated Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in coronary heart disease patients and its related factors. Methods A total of 250 patients all received coronary angiography examination, and they were divided by angiography outcomes into coronary heart disease group (140 cases) and non coronary heart disease group (110 cases). Observation were made on carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery diameter, intima-media thickness (IMT), plaque integral and Gensini score in two groups. 250 patients were divided by age groups into three groups, including middle-aged group (45~55 years old, 80 cases), pre-aged group (56~65 years old, 86 cases) and aged group (66~78 years old, 84 cases). Observation was made on genders and occurrence of diabetes, hyperuricemia, plaque, hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction in three groups. OR value was observed in hypertension, hyperuricemia, coronary heart disease, diabetes and cerebral infarction by linear regression. Results The coronary heart disease group had higher carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery diameter, IMT, plaque integral and Gensini score than non coronary heart disease group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The middle-aged group, pre-aged group and aged group had no statistically significant difference in genders and incidence of diabetes and hyperuricemia (P>0.05). Three groups had statistically significant difference in incidence of plaque, hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction (P<0.05). According to linear regression analysis on various factors, middle-aged diabetes, cerebral infarction into regression equation, with OR=14.939, P<0.05 in diabetes, OR=11.432, P<0.05 in cerebral infarction. Pre-aged hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease into regression equation, with OR=3.014, P<0.05 in hypertension, OR=2.956, P<0.05 in coronary heart disease, and OR=6.907, P<0.05 in diabetes. Aged hypertension, cerebral infarction, hyperuricemia, coronary heart disease into regression equation, with OR=6.047, P<0.05 in hypertension, OR=7.590, P<0.05 in cerebral infarction, and OR=5.499, P<0.05 in hyperuricemia, and OR=3.712, P<0.05 in coronary heart disease. Conclusion For patients with coronary heart disease and cardiovascnlar and cerebrovascular diseases caused by it, carotid ultrasound examination should be performed periodically, along with timely prevention and treatment, in order to reduce the incidence of diseases such as hypertension, cerebral infarction in middle aged and elderly people.

【Key words】 Coronary heart disease; Carotid atherosclerosis; Related factors

随着人口老龄化的增长, 高血压、冠心病、心脑血管疾病也随之增加。其中, 由于颈动脉粥样硬化造成的冠心病是高龄人群死亡的重要疾病之一[1]。冠状动脉造影是诊断冠心病最有效的检测方法, 但是存在一定的局限性。本文中, 颈动脉B超检查, 通过测得的IMT值、颈动脉斑块以及动脉管腔的狭窄程度, 預测冠心病的发病率, 本文还通过对不同年龄段患者采用线性回归, 观测OR值。具体报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 选取2014年1月~2015年6月在本院内科治疗的250例患者, 其中男125例, 女125例。均进行冠状动脉造影检查, 根据造影结果分为冠心病组(140例)和非冠心病组(110例)。……

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