刘霁+邹品增+姜安民

摘 要：山区高速公路深挖高填，对公路沿线生态环境保护造成严重的威胁，工程建设和生态环境保护之间的矛盾亟需加以解决。本文详细归纳了目前广泛应用的六种边坡生态防护技术的优缺点，对比总结其适用范围，根据影响边坡生态防护技术方案选择的5个因素将边坡分为：可直接绿化边坡、可绿化边坡、有选择的可绿化边坡、不宜绿化边坡4类，并给出推荐的边坡生态防护方案。参考国内外边坡生态防护研究成果，从固土护坡、生态环保、景观功能三个方面出发，提出了边坡生态防护效果评价的技术指标体系，以作为公路生态防护研究的参考。

关键词：山区高速公路；边坡；生态防护；评价指标

Research on mountain highway slope ecological protection scheme and evaluation indexes

Liu Ji， Zou Pinzeng，Jiang Anmin

（Hunan Urban Construstion College）

Abstract： The deep digging and high filling work in mountain highway projects poses a serious threat to ecological environment protection along the road. The contradiction between the ecological environment protection and project construction desperately needs to be addressed. This paper summarized in detail the advantages and disadvantages and the application scope of the current widely used six kinds of ecological slope protection technology. According to the five factors that influence plan selection of slope ecological protection technology， the slope was divided into four classes， respectively directly-greening slope， favorable-greening slope， selective-greening slope， unfavorable-greening slope. The recommended slope ecological protection scheme was also given. By referencing to the research results at home and abroad about slop ecological protection the ecological slope protection effect evaluation index system of technology was put forward from the aspects of solid soil slope protection， ecological and environmental protection， landscape function， which aims to provide reference for doing research in highway ecological protection.

Keyword： mountain highway； slope； ecological protection； evaluation indexes

引 言：

隨着我国社会和经济的发展，以及人们对环境和生态保护的重视，对高速公路的要求越来越高，高速公路不但需承担快速交通通道的功能，同时还要求生态环保、环境优美。山区高速公路是以破坏生态环境为代价的一项现代化建设工程。在修建过程中形成大的挖填方，引起岩土体移动、变形和破坏，容易诱发各种地质灾害。山区地形、地貌复杂，山区高速公路建设中开挖路堑、镇筑路堤，会导致原生植被和动物栖息地破坏，水土流失，以及局部环境恶化等系列生态环境问题。以往由于对边坡防护方案的认识不足，边坡防护方案设计不合理，致使山区高速公路边坡在施工后出现失稳破坏、与周围景观不协调、严重破坏生态环境。……