付天芳+李冰

【摘要】目的：调查分析女性性行为前预防状况及相应对策的研究。方法：选取2012年3月至2015年3月我院收治的未婚非意愿妊娠女性142例为研究对象，现场采用自编问卷调查的方式，在专门的医师指导下对未婚意外妊娠女性的性行为前预防状况和应对策略进行资料收集分析。结果： 未婚非意愿妊娠女性多同居，超过50%的人有过生殖道感染症状，调查对象的性行为状况存在差异；有34.51%的未婚意外妊娠女性对避孕方法全然不知，超过50%的人主要通过媒体或日常生活中同学、同事间的交流获取性生理知识和避孕知识，家庭教育和学校教育的作用相对弱；非意愿妊娠的多数女性不经常采用避孕措施，存侥幸心理；年龄和文化程度越高，对人流风险知晓程度越高，男伴避孕知识越充分及其避孕积极性越高，性行为前采取预防措施的概率更大。结论：未婚非意愿妊娠女性避孕知识知情况总体不高，不经常采用避孕措施，常存侥幸心理，家庭和学校教育力度显弱，男伴的保护作用没有较好发挥，应加强对育龄男女青年的宣教，推进避孕知识和避孕技巧的普及，促进男伴积极主动参与避孕，减少未婚女性非意愿妊娠的发生。

【关键词】未婚女性；性行为前预防状况；调查分析；对策研究

Female contraceptive methods analysis and counter measuresFU Tianfang， LI Bing. Department of Obstetrics， Weinan Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital， Weinan 714000， Shaanxi， China

【Abstract】Objectives： To study the situation of female contraceptive methods and countermeasures. Methods： 142 unmarried pregnant women treated in our hospital from March 2012 to March 2015 were selected. Questionnaire survey was done under the guidance of physicians to collect the data of contraceptive methods and countermeasures for analysis. Results： Most unmarried unwanted pregnancy women were in cohabiting with their boyfriends. More than 50% of them had reproductive tract infection symptoms. There were differences in sexual behavior： 34.51% of unmarried women were completely unaware of contraceptive methods； more than 50% of them mainly got the biology of sex and contraception knowledge through the exchange of students， colleague media and daily life. The role of family education and school education was relatively weak. Most women did not regularly use contraception methods； the higher age and education level was， the higher degree of induced abortion risk awareness was. The more contraceptive knowledge male partner knew， the more positive and greater the probability to take precautions before sex was. Conclusion： Contraception knowledge level in single unwanted pregnancy female is not high. They do not often take contraceptive methods. Family and school education is significantly weak and protective effect of male partners is relatively low. Therefore， education for men and women in childbearing age should be strengthened， to promote the popularization of contraceptive knowledge and contraceptive techniques， and promote active participation of the male partner and unmarried women in contraception to reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy.

【Key words】Unmarried women； Contraceptive methods； Investigation； Countermeasures

【中图分类号】R169【文献标志码】Aendprint

近年来，随着我国对外开放、媒体和网络技术的快速发展，未婚青年的性观念也日趋开放，婚前性行为、女性非意愿妊娠和人工流产发生率也呈逐年上升趋势[1，2]，给未婚女性带来身心和生殖上的痛苦，严重影响她们的生活质量，这也是人们日渐关注的医学问题。……