汉语国际传播的方式与策略探析
2016-11-07马洪超
马洪超
摘 要:汉语国际传播作为国家战略的一部分,既需要重视内容也要考虑传播主体和受众的作用,进而利用传播媒介推进语言的海外传播。首先探讨了语言传播的基本特征及其动因、汉语国际传播的内涵,在此基础上以传播学视角从汉语传播意识、汉语传播主体、汉语传播媒介、孔子学院平台建设等不同方面探寻汉语国际传播形式。
关键词:汉语国际传播;语言传播;策略
中图分类号:H195
文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-1101(2016)03-0093-05
Abstract: In the course of international dissemination of Chinese which is one important part of the national strategy, importance should be attached to the content, the roles played by the subject and object of dissemination, and also the media of dissemination. This paper firstly explores the basic features and motivators of language dissemination and the essence of international dissemination of Chinese. Based on the theories of communication, the paper then explores the forms of international dissemination of Chinese from such perspectives as the awareness of dissemination of Chinese, the subject and media of dissemination of Chinese, the construction of the platform of Confucius schools.
Key words:international dissemination of Chinese; language dissemination; tactics
汉语在海外传播历史悠久。在汉代汉语已随着丝绸之路的开通,远播中亚;到元明之时随着海外贸易兴起,众多来华传教士将自己在中国的经历和见闻介绍到西方,西方汉学逐渐发展起来,汉语在海外得以进一步传播。近代以来,华人漂洋过海下南洋谋生计、到美洲做劳工,汉语也随之远渡重洋。历史上,中国与周边国家的商贸往来,人文交流等推动了汉语在海外的传播。
近年来,海外“汉语热”持续升温,海外孔子学院建设获得长足发展,汉语教学主体已经由国内转向国外,国际汉语教学的广泛开展促进了汉语在海外的进一步传播。同时,汉语国际传播作为展现中国文化软实力的重要途径,已成为汉语国际教学学界和传播学界研究的新领域。但是众多研究多从语言学角度或孔子学院建设方面探讨汉语的海外传播,较少围绕传播的基本特征从国家文化战略角度讨论汉语国际传播。面对汉语在世界上传播……
