徐奕鼎　雷攀登　丁勇

摘 要：为了解名优祁红机械化加工现状，推进制茶工艺与机械设备融合技术发展，提高制茶工效和产品质量。对名优祁红核心产区5个乡镇的重点制茶企业及部分茶叶专业合作社进行实地调研，记录名优祁红的产品类型、产量、机械配置、制茶工艺及作业技术参数情况，分别取样进行感官品质分析。结果表明，名优祁红产品主要有卷曲型、针型和毛峰型三种，机械配置以通用小型名优茶机械为主，基础制茶工艺相近，手工与半机械化制茶方式并存，制茶工艺参数控制、产量和产品感官品质差异显著。明确名优祁红制作各道工序的目的，选配适宜的加工机械设备，优化制茶工艺及作业技术参数，研制应用清洁化与连续化的名优祁红加工机械，是进一步提升名优祁红机械化加工水平、提高产品质量和制茶效益的关键。

关键词：名优祁红；机械化加工；现状；对策

中图分类号 S571.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2016）16-0106-04

Abstract：In order to know the status of mechanized processing of superior Keemun black tea，promote development of mechanized processing and machinery equipment fusion technology，improve tea production efficiency and product quality. major enterprises and several cooperative organizations of tea were researched in 5 townships of the core region，and the product type，output，mechanical configuration，technical parameters of mechanized processing technology and operation were recorded，take sample of superior Keemun black tea for sensory analysis，respectively. The results showed that the superior Keemun Black Tea mainly includes 3 types（curl，needle，maofeng），machinery configuration with universal and mini-type，basis manufacturing technologies were similar，handcraft coexists with semi-mechanization，parameters control，output and the sensory score of product differed significantly. Understanding the purpose of each process step，choosing the suitable machine equipment，optimizing the technological parameters of manufacturing，researching for clean and continuous manufacturing machinery and putting into use，it would be the key to further enhance levels of mechanized processing，improve product quality and benefit of superior Keemun Black Tea.

Key words：Superior Keemun Black Tea；Mechanized processing；Current situation；Countermeasure

名优祁红是指采用优质鲜叶原料，在传统祁红初制工艺基础上增加塑形工序而制得的形质俱佳的祁红产品。自安徽省农科院茶叶研究所于1997年和2002年分别研制推出卷曲型红茶“祁红香螺”与针型红茶“祁红金针”以来[1-2]，名优祁红得到较快发展，有效满足了国内消费者对祁红产品的多样化需求，内销量快速增长，采制名优祁红已成为产地茶农增收、茶企增效的重要途径[3-4]。名优祁红创制之初为手工制作，制茶技术要求高，加工工效低，劳动强度大，卫生质量风险高。……