杨霞，陈丽红，单大军，苏欣，张天杨，邹杰静，吕慧敏.吉林市传染病医院，吉林吉林　300；.吉林市儿童医院，吉林吉林　300



2014—2015年吉林地区手足口病原学监测结果分析

杨霞1，陈丽红2，单大军1，苏欣1，张天杨1，邹杰静1，吕慧敏1
1.吉林市传染病医院，吉林吉林132002；2.吉林市儿童医院，吉林吉林132001

目的分析吉林地区肠道病毒的病原学特征，为手足口病（HFMD）预防及治疗提供依据。 方法采集临床诊断为手足口病患者的咽拭子，用荧光定量RT-PCR对肠道病毒分型。结果2014—2015年共检测1 662例，肠道病毒阳性率为80.81%，EV71、CoxA16和未定型肠道病毒阳性率分别16.55%、11.61%、52.65%。阳性病例男女性别比为1.38: 1，0～4岁儿童阳性数占78.5%，发病较高月份为8～9月。结论2014—2015年吉林地区手足口病患者检出的肠道病毒主要为肠道病毒未定型，其感染率高于EV71和CoxA16，是引起吉林地区手足口病的主要病原体，提示对未定型肠道病毒需引起足够重视。0～4岁儿童发病率最高。发病高峰期为8～9月份，呈明显季节性。

手足口病；肠道病毒；病原学

［Abstract］Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of enterovirus in Jilin region and provide basis for preventing and treating the hand-foot-and-mouth disease.Methods The throat swab of patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease diagnosed in clinic was collected，and the enterovirus was classified by fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR.Results 1662 cases were detected from 2014 to 2015，the positive rate of enterovirus was 80.81%，the positive rates of EV71，CoxA16 and uncommitted enterovirus were respectively 16.55%，11.61%and 52.65%，the ratio of positive cases in male and female was 1.38:1，and the positive number of children aged from 0 to 4 was 78.5%，and the month with high incidence rate was between August and September.Conclusion The uncommitted enterovirus was the main enterovirus detected in patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Jilin region from 2014 to 2015，the infection rate was higher than that of EV71 and Cox-A16，which is the main pathogen of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Jilin region，and it reminds us to pay enough attention to the uncommitted enterovirus，the incidence rate of children aged from 0 to 4 is the highest，and the incidence peak is from August to September，showing an obvious seasonality.

［Key words］Hand-foot-and-mouth；Enterovirus；Etiology

手足口病（Hand，foot，and mouth disease，HFMD）是一种由肠道病毒引起的急性传染病，发病率在国内近年来一直呈上升趋势［1］。引起手足口病的肠道病毒有20多种类型，其中以柯萨奇病毒A16型（CoxA16）和肠道病毒71型（EV71）最为常见［2］，它可引起手、足、口腔等部位的疱疹，部分重症患者会出现肺水肿、心肌炎、无菌性脑膜脑炎等严重的神经系统并发症，从而导致残疾甚至死亡［3］。进入20世纪80年代后，CoxA16病毒已经成为我国手足口发病的主要感染病毒，而在90年代，则由EV71病毒感染取代CoxA16病毒，占据主导地位。为了可以……