表面活性剂强化微波提取玉米须总黄酮及其稳定性研究
2016-09-16季晓晖
季晓晖
(陕西理工学院化学与环境科学学院,陕西汉中723000)
表面活性剂强化微波提取玉米须总黄酮及其稳定性研究
季晓晖
(陕西理工学院化学与环境科学学院,陕西汉中723000)
以玉米须为原料,采用表面活性剂T-ween80强化微波提取玉米须总黄酮。在单因素试验研究的基础上,通过正交试验优化了提取工艺条件。得到的最佳微波提取工艺条件为:Tween-80体积分数0.5%,料液比1∶20 g/mL,微波功率400 W,微波时间9 min,微波温度50℃,此条件下玉米须总黄酮提取率达6.798%。稳定性试验结果表明:玉米须总黄酮提取液在弱酸至弱碱条件下稳定性较好,高温环境不利于总黄酮提取液的保存及使用,各种常用饲料添加剂对玉米须总黄酮提取液稳定性影响较小。
玉米须;总黄酮;提取;稳定性
[Abstract]The extraction technology of total flavonoids from corn silk were enhanced by the surfactant through microwave.The extraction technologies were optimized through orthogonal test based on single factor experiments.The results showed that the optimum conditions were Tween-80 volume fraction of 0.5%,microwave time of 9min,microwave temperature of 50℃,microwave power of 400 W,ratio of solid to solvent of 1∶20(g/mL),the extraction rate of total flavonoids was 6.798%under optimal extraction conditions.The stability of total flavonoids study results showed that the extracted liquid in the weakly acidic to alkaline conditions was good,high temperature environment wasn't conducive to the total flavonoids extraction liquid preservation and use,and the commonly used feed additives had weak effect on the stability of the extraction of total flavonoids from corn silk.
[Key words]corn silk;total flavonoids;extraction;stability
研究表明,玉米须中含有多种生物活性成分,如黄酮类、多糖类、生物碱、有机酸等。其中黄酮类化合物具有抗氧化、清除自由基、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、保肝护肝等多种生物活性,在促进动物生长、提高生产性能及改善繁殖能力等方面具有显著作用(刘璐等,2014;占今舜等,2014;王在贵等,2010)。利用废弃的玉米须提取黄酮类化合物,有助于提高玉米的经济效益。本试验借助表面活性剂的吸附、润湿、分散、增溶等作用来强化微波提取玉米须总黄酮,改变总黄酮在水中的溶解度,提高提取率,并能减少提取成本(韩伟等,2014)。在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化了玉米须总黄酮的提取工艺,并对玉米须总黄酮提取液的稳定性进行研究,旨在为玉米须资源在饲料中的合理利用提供理论依据。……
