Lactobacillus plantarumA491的筛选及其在苜蓿青贮中的应用研究
2016-09-16郭琳娜王雁萍汤明威杨慧晓赵珊珊杨逢源
郭琳娜,王雁萍,汤明威,杨慧晓,赵珊珊,杨逢源
(郑州大学 河南省离子束生物工程重点实验室,河南郑州450001)
科学实验研究
Lactobacillus plantarumA491的筛选及其在苜蓿青贮中的应用研究
郭琳娜,王雁萍*,汤明威,杨慧晓,赵珊珊,杨逢源
(郑州大学 河南省离子束生物工程重点实验室,河南郑州450001)
为筛选适合苜蓿青贮用乳酸菌,本研究对64株苜蓿附生乳酸菌进行多糖利用能力的考察,结果显示有5株乳酸菌能较好利用葡聚糖和木聚糖产酸,进一步的抑菌活性试验筛选出对李斯特氏菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌都有较好抑菌活性的菌株A491。通过生理生化试验、16S rRNA基因序列分析及recA基因扩增试验将筛选菌株A491鉴定为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。将菌株A491进行苜蓿青贮应用研究,青贮95 d后,与自然青贮和添加商业添加剂的处理组相比,添加菌株A491处理组的乳酸含量较高(P<0.05),而pH较低(4.62)(P<0.05),有害菌较少,发酵品质较好。表明菌株A491在苜蓿青贮中具有潜在的应用价值。
乳酸菌;葡聚糖;木聚糖;抑菌活性;苜蓿;青贮
[Abstract]To screen the lactic acid bacteria for alfalfa silage,64 strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from alfalfa and their ability of polysaccharide utilization were measured.The results showed that 5 strains could use glucan and xylan to produce acid,and their antimicrobial activity were measured.A491 was selected by its excellent antimicrobial activity of Listeriosis,Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica.The physiological and biochemical identification,sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and recA gene amplification experiments indicated that A491 was Lactobacillus plantarum.A491 and commercial inoculants were selected on alfalfa silage as additives.After 95 days,the silages inoculated with strain A491 presented better fermentation quality,with higher contents of lactic acid(P<0.05)and lower pH values(4.62)(P<0.05),less harmful bacteria,compared with the control and the silages inoculated with commercial inoculants.A491 showed the potential application value in alfalfa silage.
[Key words]lactic acid bacteria;glucan;xylan;antimicrobial activity;alfalfa;silage
紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是一种大面积种植的经济饲草,青贮处理可使其具有较高的营养价值。在青贮过程中,乳酸菌将可溶性糖转化为乳酸,降低pH,抑制有害微生物生长(Pang等,2012)。然而,通常苜蓿自然附生的乳酸菌数量较少,可溶性糖含量低(3.07%~4.56%)(Jones等,1992),虽然胞壁结构性糖(主要是葡聚糖及木聚糖成分)含量丰富,但不易被利用(单春乔等,2009)。传统的青贮乳酸菌基本属于利用可溶性糖的乳酸菌,因此,筛选出能够分解利用植物细胞壁结构性糖并具有较好抑菌活性的乳酸菌作为青贮添加剂,可以改善可溶性糖含量低、大量有害菌附生的发酵状况,进而提高苜蓿青贮的品质,具有较高的实用价值。……
