基于AMESim/MATLAB的汽车起重机双向液压锁结构优化
2016-07-21陈玲玲何莉
陈玲玲 何莉
摘 要:为了提高汽车起重机双向液压锁的结构设计能力,增强产品性能,改进设计效率,通过AMESim建立了汽车起重机双向液压锁的仿真模型,同时使用MATLAB软件建立了弹簧刚度模型,实现了AMESim与MATLAB的联合仿真,并结合遗传算法实现双向液压锁结构优化方法。结果表明:优化后的液压锁速度波动降低为原结构的30%左右,证明该方法能有效地提高相关产品的性能。
关键词:双向液压锁;结构优化;AMESim;MATLAB
中图分类号:U445.32 文献标志码:B
Optimization of Twoway Hydraulic Lock for Truck Crane Based on AMESim/MATLAB
CHEN Lingling1, HE Li2
(1. Department of Automotive Engineering, Yantai Engineering & Technology College,Yantai 264670,
Shandong, China; 2. Department of Automotive Engineering, Henan Polytechnic, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China)
Abstract: In order to improve the structural design of the twoway hydraulic lock for truck crane and its performance, a model of the twoway hydraulic lock was built with AMESim for simulation. Meanwhile, a spring stiffness model was established using the MATLAB software. The joint simulation by AMESim and MATLAB was performed, and the optimization of the structural design of twoway hydraulic lock was achieved in combination with the genetic algorithm. The results show that the fluctuation of speed of the hydraulic lock is reduced by around 30%, proving that it is capable of improving product performance.
Key words: twoway hydraulic lock; structural optimization; AMESim; MATLAB
0 引 言
汽车起重机的支腿装置用于在起重作业时架起整车,使汽车轮胎离开地面,在无载荷施加时调节整车的水平度。每一条支腿上都装着一个液压缸,每个液压缸均设有双向锁紧回路,以保证支腿被牢牢地锁住,防止在起重作业时发生“软腿”或行车过程中支腿自行滑落等现象。
支腿缸液压锁包括单向液压锁和双向液压锁2种。目前国内使用的主要是双向液压锁,其主要功能为:防止起重机支腿的“软腿”现象;避免管路破裂等意外情况造成的支腿失效;防止起重机支腿的自行滑落。
鉴于双向液压锁在起重机液压系统中的重要性,通过仿真工具对其结构设计进行准确的描述,有助于在实物迭代之前分析结构设计对性能需求的符合性,对提高产品设计水平具有十分重要的意义。
AMESim是用于液压产品性能仿真的专业软件,张晓波等基于AMESim软件分别建立了双向液压锁的仿真模型,分析阀芯阻尼、弹簧刚度、阀芯质量等因素对双向液压锁性能的影响程度[13]。……
