农村土地流转信托化的法律机制构建
2016-07-10董浩洁杨宏
董浩洁 杨宏
摘要 从法律层面厘清了土地流转信托的概念,明晰了土地流转信托委托人、信托人及受益人的权利与义务,分析了我国土地流转信托在实践中存在的问题,如委托人权利缺乏维护,受托人过失缺乏追究,受益人权利缺乏保障,信托财产缺乏独立性,政府角色缺乏公立性,金融信贷缺乏畅通性。对此,提出了构建土地流转信托机制的设想:单独制定农村土地流转信托法律法规,加快土地流转信托确权登记颁证制度,强化政府的宏观调控职能,建立土地流转信托基金,加强金融合作,推行农村土地信托责任保险。
关键词 土地流转;土地信托;委托人;信托模式
中图分类号 S-9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2016)05-243-03
Abstract The concept of land transfer trust was clarified from legal perspective, rights and obligations of the trustor, trustee and beneficiary were discussed, existing problems in land transfer trust were analyzed, such as the principal rights lack of maintenance, the trustee negligence lack of accountability, the beneficiary rights lack of protection, trust property lack of independence, government role lack of publicity, financial credit lack of smoothness. The idea of constructing land transfer trust mechanism was proposed: establishing separate rural land transfer trust laws and regulations, accelerating land transfer trust ownership registration certification system, strengthening the government's macrocontrol function, establishing land transfer trust fund, strengthening financial cooperation, implementing liability insurance of rural land trust.
Key words Land circulation; Land trust; Client; Trust model
农村土地流转是我国历届政府关注的重点领域,土地信托化正是与中国特色社会主义市场经济道路的方向和内涵相一致的、前所未有的新模式和通达的新路径。土地流转信托化以“信”为基础,以“托”为手段,以“三权分离”为原则,依托土地承包经营权进行土地流转。当前我国多省份土地信托化提速,为提高农村土地生产力,实现农业的规模化生产助力,也为深化土地改革寻找到了最好的突破口。笔者从信托法律关系的核心即当事人权利义务出发,分析实践中信托主体错位、责任不明确等现实问题,探索构建符合我国农村实际的土地流转信托法律机制,以推进土地流转信托良性发展,最大程度上维护农民利益。
1 土地流转……
