朱宝玉　张健　任晓红　刘光彪　上官力　胡少鹏　覃永生　张小溪

摘要[目的]确定云烟87在利川市海拔1 000～1 200 m区域种植时的最适留叶数。[方法]采用田间小区试验，研究了海拔1 000、1 100和1 200 m区域上部烟叶留叶数对云烟87生育期、赤星病发病情况、上三叶和下三叶产值量的影响。[结果]在海拔1 000～1 200 m烟区，上部烟叶留叶数在8片时，赤星病的发病率在5%～9%，减少留叶数能够有效减少赤星病的发生。在海拔1 000 m和1 100 m烟区，与上部烟叶留叶4片和8片相比，留叶6片增加了上三叶和下三叶的产量和产值。而在海拔1 200 m烟区，上部烟叶不同留叶数对上三叶和下三叶产量的影响表现出不同的变化规律，但是留叶8片处理烤烟上三叶和下三叶的产值均最高。[结论]在利川市海拔1 000～1 100 m烟区，种植云烟87适宜的上部烟叶留叶数为6片，而1 200 m以上以留叶8片为优。

关键词 留叶数；海拔；上三叶；下三叶；产值量

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2016）05-055-03

Abstract[Objective]To determine the appropriate upper remained leaves of Yunyan 87 on the altitudes of 1 000-1 200 m in Lichuan City.[Method]Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of upper remained leaves on fluecured tobacco growth periods， disease ocurrence of brown spot， yield and quantity on the altitudes of 1 000， 1 100 and 1 200 m.[Result]On the altitude of 1 000-1 200 m， when the upper remained leaves was eight films， the incidence rate of tobacco brown spot was 5%-9%； and reduction of the upper remained leaves effectively reduced the disease. On the altitudes of 1 000 and 1 100 m， compared with 4 and 8 upper remained leaves， 6 upper remained leaves treatments increased the yields and values of the topmost three leaves and the bottommost three leaves. On the altitude of 1 200 m， the effects of upper remained leaves on the topmost three leaves and the bottommost three leaves yield presented the different trends， but the highest value of the topmost three leaves and the bottommost three leaves was obtained by 8 upper remained leaves treatments.[Conclusion]The appropriate number of upper remained leaves for Yunyan 87 is 6 on an altitude of 1 000-1 100 m in Lichuan city. However， the appropriates number of upper ramained leaves is 8 on altitude of 1 200 m in Lichuan city.

Key words Remained leaves； Altitude； Topmost three leaves； Bottommost three leaves； Yield and quantity

利川市位于鄂西南武陵山区，属云贵山脉的东延部分，海拔介于1 000～1 500 m，属梯形立体地貌。经过不同海拔、气候、土壤等条件的多年筛选和布局结构的调整，该市现已稳定10个乡镇为烤烟生产主要种植区，常年种烟面积已达6 667 hm2。

上部烟叶留叶数与烟株的田间性状密切相关，对烟叶产量及品质有着重要的影响[1-2]。留叶数偏少会导致上部叶片肥大，烟碱含量过高，最终导致烟叶的可用性降低；留叶数偏多虽然可以增加单位土地面积烟叶数量和叶片烟碱含量，但是会造成上部叶不开片和商品等级降低等问题[3-4]。……