晋超甜1号主要品种特性及高产制种技术
2016-07-10张广峰卢保红魏荣业杜如姗侯有良钟改荣
张广峰 卢保红 魏荣业 杜如姗 侯有良 钟改荣
摘要 晋超甜1号是由山西省农业科学院玉米研究所自主选育的超甜玉米新品种,于2011年通过山西省审定,2014年通过国家审定。其母本为自选系TY37/7710,父本为自选系TY32-111。该品种具有商品品质优、高产、稳产、抗病性强等特点。该研究介绍了晋超甜1号主要特性,并从适时播种、合理密植、科学施肥、防治病虫害、优选基地、除杂去劣、人工去雄、辅助授粉、割除父本、采收入库等方面介绍了其高产制种技术。
关键词 晋超甜1号;特性;高产制种
中图分类号 S513 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2016)05-004-02
Abstract The production technique of super sweet corn differs from that of the general corn. Its unique production technology directly affects the yield and quality of hybrid, and further influences the price, market share, the extension of cultivars and the benefit of planting farmers. Based on the exploratory experiment in several years, the unique seed production technique was established. Jinchaotian 1 was breed by Maize Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, formally passed the validation of Shanxi Province in 2011 and national examination in 2014. Its female parent and male parent were self lines TY3717710 and TY32111, respectively. This cultivar had the characteristics of high quality, high and stable output, strong disease resistance and so on. The main characteristics of Jinchaotian 1 were introduced, as well as the high output seed production techniques, such as suitable sowing date, rational close planting, scientific fertilizer application, insect and disease prevention, removing impurities, artificial emasculation, supplementary pollination, and cutting out male parent.
Key words Jinchaotian 1; Characteristics; Highyielding seed production
晋超甜1号是由山西省农业科学院玉米研究所自主选育的超甜玉米新品种,于2011年通过山西省审定,2014年通过国家审定。晋超甜1号是山西省农业科学院首个国审甜玉米品种,也是国家甜玉米北方组近2 a来唯一审定的甜玉米品种。自审定以来该品种就一直作为山西省甜玉米区试的对照品种。
其母本为自选系TY37/7710,由2个美国超甜玉米杂交种杂交,通过连续8代自交选育而成;父本为自选系TY32111,由美国超甜玉米杂交种作为基础材料,通过二环系连续7代自交选育而成。超甜玉米制种技术与普通玉米有所不同,其独特的制种技术直接影响杂交种的产量及质量,从而影响其价格及市场占有量,进一步影响品种的推广及种植户效益。笔者以晋超甜1号主要特性为依据,经过数年的探索试验,研究制定了其特殊的制种技术。
1 品种主要特性
晋超甜1号属早熟超甜玉米类型,具有商品品质优、高产、稳产、抗病性强、商品穗率高、封顶性好、子粒排列整齐和适口性好的特点,可用于鲜食、速冻和子粒加工等。……
