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烤烟新品系YY—08栽培技术研究

2016-06-07蔡毅向金友程智敏谢冰黄胜杨苹唐明杨懿德杨洋易蔓饶在生

天津农业科学 2016年6期
关键词:影响

蔡毅 向金友 程智敏 谢冰 黄胜 杨苹 唐明 杨懿德 杨洋 易蔓 饶在生

摘 要:为探讨烤烟新品系YY-08适宜的施肥水平和种植密度,采用三因素三水平正交设计研究了施氮量、氮磷钾配比和种植密度对YY-08产质量的影响。结果表明:施氮量、氮磷钾配比对烟叶经济性状有极显著的影响(P<0.01),种植密度对烟叶等级、产量有极显著的影响(P<0.01);对产值的影响大小顺序为施氮量>氮磷钾配比>种植密度;对产量的影响大小顺序为施氮量>种植密度>氮磷钾配比。通过烟株农艺性状、烟叶经济性状、烟叶外观质量和化学成分分析得出YY-08适宜的施氮量为90 kg·hm-2,氮磷钾配比为1∶2.5∶3.5,种植密度为13 500株·hm-2。

关键词:YY-08;正交设计;施氮量;氮磷钾配比;种植密度

中图分类号:S572 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.06.027

Study on the Cultivation Techniques of New Flue-cured Tobacco Breeding Strain YY-08

CAI Yi1, XIANG Jinyou2, CHENG Zhimin1, XIE Bing2,3, HUANG Sheng1, YANG Ping1, TANG Ming1, YANG Yide2, YANG Yang2, YI Man2, RAO Zaisheng2

(1.Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibin, Sichuan 644600, China; 2.Yibin Tobacco Company, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, China;3.College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China)

Abstract: An experiment based on orthogonal design of three factors and three levels was conducted. The effects of different nitrogen rate, NPK proportion and planting density on yield and quality of YY-08 were studied to find the suitable fertilizer levels and planting density. The results showed that the effects of nitrogen and NPK proportion on economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco were significant at 1% probability level. The effects of planting density on grade and yield of tobacco were significant at 1% probability level. The influence of experiment factors on quality was ranked nitrogen rate>NPK proportion>planting density. The influence of experiment factors on yield was ranked nitrogen rate>planting density>NPK proportion. Through analysis of the agronomic traits, economic characters, appearance quality and chemical composition of tobacco, the suitable cultivation techniques of YY-08 were that nitrogen rate at 90 kg·hm-2, NPK proportion at 1∶2.5∶3.5, planting density at 13 500 plants·hm-2.

Key words: YY-08; orthogonal design; nitrogen rate; NPK proportion; planting density

氮素是影响烟株生长发育和烟叶产量、品质最重要的营养元素。氮、磷、钾之间又存在着相互作用,影响营养元素的吸收,从而导致不同氮磷钾配比对烤烟生长发育、经济性状和品质等影响[1-2]。种植密度通过改变烟株有效截光叶面积、群体光合效能和田间气候,进而影响烟叶产质量[3-4]。烤烟产质量除了受施肥量和种植密度影响外,还与品种自身特性密切相关[5]。栽培措施与品种特性相结合才能最大限度地发挥作用。本文研究了施氮量、氮磷钾配比和种植密度对YY-08烟叶产质量的影响,旨在提出适宜YY-08的栽培技术,为生产上应用提供依据。

1 材料和方法

1.1 试验地概况

试验地点为四川省宜宾市兴文县大坝乡小寨村二组,海拔800 m。试验地地势平坦,在该烟区代表性较强,土壤为黄壤,前茬为玉米,土壤养分含量见表1。

1.2 试验材……

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