托里县游牧民定居存在的问题及解决对策
2016-06-07刘乐马瑛门建芳和伟康石芳
刘乐 马瑛 门建芳 和伟康 石芳
摘 要:民生问题一直受到党和国家的高度重视,中央加大力度对广大牧区游牧民定居工作给予政策扶持和资金补助。本文通过实地勘察、调研,结合托里县经济社会发展水平以及自然资源条件,提出了配套资金不充足、饲草料地建设不足、基础设施建设落后和后续产业发展有待解决等问题,并提出了相关对策建议。
关键词:游牧民;定居;住房;配套资金
中图分类号:D633 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.06.018
Research of the Settlement of Nomads in Toli County and its Countermeasures
LIU Le, MA Ying, MEN Jianfang, HE Weikang,SHI Fang
(Management School of Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052,China)
Abstract: People's livelihood issues have been highly valued by the party and the state, the central government to increase efforts to the majority of pastoral nomads settlement work to give policy support and financial assistance. This paper,based on the field investigation and research and combined with toli county economic and social development and natural resource conditions, put forward the matching funds are not sufficient, lack of forage for construction, backward infrastructure construction and the development of follow up industry needs to be solved, and put forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions.
Key words: nomads; settlement; house; counterpart funding
游牧民定居工程是新疆重点建设的民生工程项目之一,是实现稳疆兴疆、富民兴边的重要保障。自2009年新疆启动实施游牧民定居工程,经过五年的努力,已完成纳入全国游牧民定居规划的11.05万户建设任务。实施“游牧民定居工程”不仅改变了生态效益,牧民到定居点集中定居,而且将大量的牲畜转移到定居点,利用农村丰富的秸秆资源实行圈养,极大地减轻了天然草场的放牧压力[1]。托里县游牧民定居工程具有量大、定居人数多、涉及范围广等特点使得其游牧民定居在全疆游牧民定居中具有一定的代表性[2]。
1 托里县概况
托里县位于新疆维吾尔自治区西北部,亚欧大陆腹地,准噶尔盆地以西,塔额盆地南缘,属典型温带大陆性气候,全年干旱、多风、少雨,境内水资源匮乏,降水量少,蒸发量大,夏季炎热短暂,冬季寒冷而漫长。托里县是新疆的游牧民定居量最大的县(市)之一,天然草场面积占全县土地总面积的83.5%,全县共有牧业户数6 674户30 093人,全部为哈萨克族。……
