马永琍 卢俭 李太平

摘 要：农产品质量安全追溯体系是促进质量信号有效传递的重要途径，对化解农产品质量安全风险具有十分重要的现实意义。文章从我国农产品质量安全追溯体系的基本类型入手，系统分析了追溯体系的发展现状，认为消费者不愿意支付额外价格、企业参与度低以及缺乏有效的商业运作模式，是农产品质量安全追溯体系难以有效建立的主要难题，建议我国政府要坚持有所为与有所不为的原则，强化各级地方政府的建设管理责任，建立建管结合的激励机制，创新低成本的商业运作模式，促进农产品质量安全追溯体系可持续发展。

关键词：农产品；质量安全；追溯体系；可持续发展

中图分类号：F304.3 文献标识码：A

Abstract： Agricultural product traceability system is the important way of promoting quality signal transmission. It is very beneficial to dissolve food safety risks. This paper deeply analyzed the basic styles and current development situation of agricultural product quality traceability system. It was found that not willing to pay additional price of customers， low participation of companies and lacking good business models were the main barriers to establish the agricultural product quality traceability system. In the end some suggestions were put forward for government such as insisting on something to do with something not， enhancing the local government duty of management， setting up incentive mechanism of establishment and management and innovating new business model to promote the sustainable development for agricultural product quality traceability system.

Key words： agricultural products； quality safety； traceability system； sustainable development

农产品是人类食物的主要来源，也是人类生存与发展的物质基础。由于农产品质量信息难以在买卖双方之间实现有效传递，导致农产品“柠檬市场”形成和市场机制失灵，产生消费者逆向选择和生产者投机行为，使农产品质量安全问题成为全人类共同面临的社会经济难题[1]。从目前世界各国的实践经验来看，树立产品品牌、参与质量认证、实施质量分级和建立追溯体系是促进农产品质量信息有效传递的主要手段。但我国农产品生产具有生产规模小、组织化程度低、区域布局分散等特点，阻碍了我国农产品品牌的树立，农产品质量认证和质量分级政策的有效实施，以及农产品质量安全追溯体系的有效建立[2]。……