王鹏 白国良 吴健 刘亚

摘要：通过对页岩烧结保温砌块砌体轴心抗压、沿通缝抗剪、剪压复合抗剪性能试验研究，分析其破坏特征和破坏机理。试验结果表明：页岩烧结保温砌块砌体受压破坏时，在竖向灰缝附近形成主裂缝，接近极限荷载时砌体出现表皮剥落现象；沿通缝抗剪破坏模式主要为单剪破坏，脆性明显；剪压破坏有剪磨、剪压和斜压3种类型；实测轴心抗压强度平均值高于规范值，沿通缝抗剪强度、复合抗剪强度平均值低于计算值，并分别给出砌体轴心抗压强度平均值、抗剪、剪压复合受力抗剪强度平均值建议公式；剪压复合抗剪强度随着压应力的增大而增大；建立了页岩烧结保温砌块砌体受压应力应变关系表达式；给出该类砌块的弹性模量和泊松比的建议值。

关键词：页岩烧结保温砌块；轴心抗压；沿通缝抗剪；剪压复合受力；应力应变关系

中图分类号：TU362

文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-4764（2016）02-0060-09

Abstract：Experiments on axial compressive property ， shear performance along horizontal bed joint and behavior under combined compressive and shear loadings were carried out to study the failure characteristics and failure mechanism of the shale fired heat-insulation block masonry. The results showed that the main cracks were formed nearby the vertical mortar joint when shale fired heat-insulation block were failed under axial compressive and the skin of masonry were fallen close to ultimate load. The main failure pattern of shear along horizontal bed joint of masonry was mainly single shear failure and its failure was obvious brittle failure. There were shear friction failure， shear compression failure and diagonal compression failure under combined compressive and shear loadings. Test average result of axial compressive strength was higher than code values； the average result of shear along horizontal bed joint and shear under combined compressive and shear loadings were lower than calculating values and the formula for were established separately. The strength of shear under combined compressive and shear loading increased with increasing axial pressure. The calculation formula of stress-strain relation of shale fired heat-insulation block masonry was established. Poisson ratio and elastic modulus of shale fired heat-insulation block masonry was proposed.

Keywords：shale fired heat-insulation block； axial compressive； shear along horizontal bed joint； shear-compression correlation； stress-strain relation

目前，砌体结构占据着中国村镇建筑的绝大部分份额。随着城镇化的不断推进，房屋建筑的缺口仍需要砌体结构来填补。但传统的粘土砖需要耗费大量的土地资源和宝贵能源并且污染环境。随着中国禁粘、禁实政策的逐步实施以及墙体材料改革的推进，一批代替粘土砖的新型墙体材料在市场上涌现，如混凝土空心砖、混凝土多孔砖（砌块）、页岩多孔砖（砌块）等等。

对于新型墙体材料的研究比较多样，如：Chikhi等[1]利用枣椰树的纤维制造墙体材料，并对其力学性能和热工性能进行研究；……