周学丽 李念平 邹杰

摘要：低温送风空调系统引进新型冰蓄冷设备，采用正丁烷作为制冷剂，制冷剂与水直接接触，换热更强烈且稳定。为了研究该系统相应损因素条件下的节能薄弱环节，实现系统性能优化，基于该系统及各表冷器分析模型，分析了热湿比、新风比、送风温差等损因素对系统效率和各表冷器损率的影响。结果表明：当热湿比变化时，处理二次混风的表冷器损率随之呈正比变化，其他表冷器损率及系统效率随之呈反比变化；当新风比变化时，处理新风的两级表冷器损率随之呈正比变化，其他表冷器损率及系统效率随之呈反比变化；当送风温差变化时，处理一次回风的表冷器损率随之呈正比变化，其他表冷器损率及系统效率随之呈反比变化。

关键词：低温送风空调系统；分析模型；损率；效率；冰蓄冷

中图分类号： TU831.3

文献标志码：A 文章编号：16744764（2016）02013206

Abstract： An exergy analysis model was developed for a novel ice storage system with cold air distribution and its main surface air coolers. Based on this model， the influence of heat and humidity ratio， fresh air ratio and temperature difference between supply air and indoor air on the exergy efficiency of the system and the exergy loss rate of its surface air coolers was studied. Finally the important parameters for system optimization were identified. The simulation results show that the exergy loss rate of the surface air cooler for secondary mixed air is positively proportional to the variation of heat and humidity ratio， while it is inverse for the other； the exergy loss rate of the surface air coolers for fresh air is positively proportional to the variation of fresh air ratio， while it is opposite for the other； the exergy loss rate of the surface air cooler for primary mixed air is positively proportional to the variation of temperature difference between supply air and indoor air， while it is inverse for the other.

Keywords：cold air distribution system； exergy analysis model； exergy loss rate； exergy efficiency； ice storage.

自从20世纪推广使用冰蓄冷技术以来[1]，冰蓄冷技术以“移峰填谷”的优势，成为暖通空调领域炙手可热的“宠儿”[12]。传统的冰蓄冷设备采用乙烯乙二醇溶液为制冷剂，制冷剂不与冰水直接接触，传热热阻高，传热效率低；为了满足制冷要求，需要配备大面积换热管，运行效率较低[3]。邹杰[3]研发了一种新型动态冰蓄冷设备，采用正丁烷作为制冷剂，制冷剂与冰水直接接触，制冰过程中制冷剂带走热量将冷水制成冰，融冰过程中依靠冰融化向空调系统供冷；为了更好地将水与制冷剂混合，在冰蓄冷设备中设置移动床等传动装置，换热更加强烈，运行效率更高，控制更加可靠[4]。……