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大型商场建筑夏季冷负荷动态预测模型

2016-05-31李慧段培永刘凤英

土木建筑与环境工程 2016年2期

李慧 段培永 刘凤英

摘 要:夏季建筑冷负荷的正确预测是实现大型复杂中央空调优化运行、节能降耗的关键。笔者探讨了商场建筑冷负荷的主要影响因素,确定了建筑动态冷负荷预测模型的输入,提出了夏季基于新风机组供电频率的商场顾客率间接测量方法,解决了商场内顾客量难以检测的难题。还提出了AFCHCMAC神经网络预测模型算法,实现了大型商场建筑冷负荷的动态预测。仿真结果表明:顾客率在商场冷负荷预测中占有重要地位,在冷负荷预测模型中增加商场顾客率可显著提高预测精度;AFCHCMAC神经网络预测算法与传统的HCMAC神经网络算法比较,可有效降低神经网络节点数,提高预测精度。

关键词:冷负荷;动态预测;模糊聚类;数据

中图分类号:TU111.3

文献标志码:A 文章编号:16744764(2016)02010407

Abstract: The accurate energy consumption perdition for building is critical to improve the energy efficient of the operation of the operation of largescale central air conditioning system in summer. Firstly, the influencing factors of cooling load were identified to determine the inputs of cooling load predition model. Then, the indirect measurement method was proposed to obtain the shopper rate based on the supply frequencies of new wind8units to identify the custom number in summer. Last, an AFCHCMAC neural network algorithm is proposed to for dynamic cooling load prediction. The results show that compared with the traditional HCMAC algorithm, the proposed AFCHCMAC algorithm can effectively reduce the neural network nodes and improve the prediction accuracy. The shoppers rate plays an important role in the cooling load prediction for shopping mall. Increasing shopper rate in the inputs of prediction model can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of dynamical cooling load forecasting for shopping mall.

Keywords:cooling load; dynamical prediction; fuzzy clustering; data

随着中国社会经济的快速发展,能源供需矛盾和环境压力日益突出,目前,建筑运行能耗约占全社会总能耗的30%,单位建筑能耗面积是发达国家的2~3倍[1],对社会造成了沉重的能源负担和严重的环境污染,已成为制约中国可持续发展的主要问题。在所有建筑中,大型商场建筑对舒适性要求高,空调系统运行时间长,其空调系统单位建筑的能耗为城镇建筑能耗的5倍 [2]。因此,研究大型商场建筑复杂中央空调系统的优化运行,实现节能降耗具有重要的经济效益和社会意义,而正确预测商场建筑的冷负荷,根据用户的需要提供冷量是实现大型复杂中央空调优化运行、节能降耗的关键。……

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