张庆红(滨州市中心医院药剂科，山东 滨州　251700)



103例长期服用小剂量阿司匹林致不良反应报告

张庆红*(滨州市中心医院药剂科，山东 滨州251700)

DOI10.14009/j.issn.1672-2124.2016.03.041

摘要目的：探讨长期服用小剂量阿司匹林引发不良反应(adverse drug reaction，ADR)的特点及影响因素。方法：收集滨州市中心医院(以下简称“我院”)2013年1月—2014年6月门诊和住院患者，筛选出医师、药师和护士呈报的阿司匹林ADR报告共103例。结果：小剂量阿司匹林致ADR老年患者居多(占56.31%)，且男性(占61.17%)多于女性；原患疾病主要为各类心脑血管疾病；联合用药主要为阿司匹林与硫酸氢氯吡格雷片联用；临床表现以消化系统、血液系统损害为主，分别为84例(占81.55%)和5例(占4.85%)。经治疗后大多数患者好转，部分痊愈。结论：临床应高度重视阿司匹林引起的ADR，尤其是消化道出血等严重ADR，每位临床医师都应参考《中国心血管病预防指南》，在用药之前对患者进行风险评估，以确保患者安全用药。

关键词小剂量； 阿司匹林； 药品不良反应； 合理用药； 出血

Report on 103 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Long-term Low-dose Aspirin

ZHANG Qinghong(Dept.of Pharmacy, Binzhou Central Hospital, Shandong Binzhou 251700, China)

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE：To explore the characteristics and related factors of adverse drug reactions(ADR) induced by long-term low-dose aspirin. METHODS: 103 cases of ADR reports induced by low-dose aspirin from outpatient and inpatient department of Binzhou Central Hospital(hereinafter referred to as “our hospital”) from Jan. 2013 to Jun. 2014 were screened by the physician, pharmacist and nurse. RESULTS: ADR cases induced by low-dose aspirin mostly occurred in the elderly(56.31%), and more males(61.17%)than females. Primary diseases mainly occurred in all types of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The drug combination were mainly aspirin and Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets. The main clinical manifestations were digestive system, blood system damage, respectively 84 cases(81.55%)and 5 cases(4.85%). Most cases were likely to get better after treatment, some had already recovered. CONCLUSIONS: The clinic should attach more importance to ADR induced by aspirin, especially the serious ADR like the gastrointestinal bleeding. Every clinician should refer to Guide for Chinese Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, and evaluate the risk before administration, so as to ensure the security of medication.

KEYWORDSLow- dose; Aspirin; Adverse drug reactions; Rational drug use; Bleeding

小剂量的阿司匹林主要抑制血小板中环氧合酶1(COX-1)，从而减少血栓素A2(TXA2)的生成，是用于预防心脑血管疾病和短暂性缺血发作的首选药物[1]。随着临床的广泛使用，有关其不良反应(adverse drug reaction，ADR)的报道也不断出现。本调查对滨州市中心医院(以下简称“我院”)门诊及住院使用阿司匹林预防心脑血管疾病的103例患者进行回顾性分析，统计长期服用小剂量(75～150 mg/d)阿司匹林引起的ADR，现报告如下。

1资料与方法

资料来源于我院2013年1月—2014年6月门诊和住院患者病例，筛选出阿司匹林ADR报告共103例。……