相英

摘 要 目的：探讨半导体激光局部照射治疗老年人压疮疗效。方法：收集2012年1月—2015年6月48例压疮患者，分为半导体组和常规组各24例。常规组采用常规治疗，半导体组采用半导体激光加常规治疗，10d为1个疗程，不超过3个疗程。疗程结束后比较两组疗效。结果：半导体组压疮愈显率为83.33%，创面愈合时间为（12.75±5.51）d，常规组分别为54.17%和（19.63±8.65）d，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），两组均未见不良反应。结论：半导体激光加常规治疗压疮效果肯定，无明显不良反应，且操作简便。

关键词 压疮 半导体激光 老年人 治疗

中图分类号：R454.2/R758.19 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2016）02-0026-02

Observation of the efficacy of the semiconductor laser in the treatment of the pressure sore in the elderly people

XIANG Ying

（Dongjing Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District， Shanghai 201619， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the efficacy of the local irradiation of the semiconductor laser in the treatment of

the elderly patients with the pressure sore. Methods： Forty-eight cases of the pressure sore were collected from Jan. 2012 to June 2015 and divided into a semiconductor group and a conventional one with 24 cases each. The conventional group was treated with the routine therapy and the semiconductor one with the semiconductor laser plus the conventional therapy. Ten days were as a course of the treatment， which were not more than 3 courses. After the treatment， the efficacy of the two groups was compared. Results： The healing rate and time of the pressure sore were 83.33% and （12.75±5.51） days in the semiconductor group， and 54.17% and （19.63±8.65） days in the conventional group， respectively. The difference between two groups had the statistical significance （P<0.05）. There was no adverse reaction in the two groups. Conclusion： The effect of the semiconductor laser plus the conventional therapy in the treatment of the pressure sore is certain， there is no significant adverse reaction， and the operation is easy.

KEY WORDS pressure sore； semiconductor laser； elderly people； treatment

压疮是由于局部组织长期受压，发生持续性缺血、缺氧、营养不良致组织坏死而形成，是长期卧床患者的常见并发症。压疮不仅影响患者的生活质量，也消耗大量医疗护理费用[1]，严重时可继发感染引起败血症而危及生命。虽然，治疗压疮的方法很多，但尚无特效药能使压疮快速愈合。本文采用半导体激光治疗仪治疗老年人压疮取得较好疗效，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

收集2012年1月—2015年6月中心老年病房压疮患者48例（38例入院时已有压疮），其中男21例，女27例，年龄60～90岁，平均75岁，压疮面积1cm×2 cm～10 cm×15 cm，大多分布于骶尾部和两髋部。压疮分期标准[2]：①淤血红润期：为压疮初期，局部皮肤受压，出现暂时性血液循环障碍，表现为红、肿、热、麻木或触痛，解除压力30 min后，皮肤颜色不能恢复正常。②炎性浸润期：如红肿部位继续受压，血液循环得不到改善，静脉回流受阻，局部静脉淤血，表现为局部红肿向外浸润、扩大、变硬；皮肤颜色转紫红色，压之不退色；表皮常有水泡形成，具有疼痛感。……