徐轶虹 江长缨（上海市浦东新区南码头社区卫生服务中心 上海 200125）

老年白内障手术后患者社区护理干预效果评价

徐轶虹 江长缨﹡
（上海市浦东新区南码头社区卫生服务中心 上海 200125）

摘 要目的：探讨老年白内障患者手术后社区护理干预效果。方法：收集社区白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后患者230例，分为对照组115例和干预组115例。对照组行常规健康教育，干预组由社区护士入户讲解白内障术后康复的相关知识，指导正确的术后护理要点，结合定期电话访视及热线电话，及时给予指导与帮助，3个月后评价并比较效果。结果：干预组在遵医行为、康复知识认知及满意度方面优于对照组(P<0.01)，而术后并发症发生率则低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：术后护理干预可提高患者遵医行为及对康复知识的认知，自觉采取健康行为，促进术眼康复。

关键词白内障 遵医行为 护理干预

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Evaluation of the effect of the community nursing intervention on the elderly postoperative patients after the cataract surgery

XU Yihong, JIANG Changying﹡
(Nanmatou Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, China)

ABSTRACTObjective: To explore the effect of the community nursing intervention on the postoperative patients with the senile cataract. Methods: Two hundred and thirty cases with the cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were selected in the community and were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group with 115 cases each. The regular health education was given to the control group, while to the intervention group, the knowledge related to the postoperative rehabilitation of the cataract was taught, the correct postoperative nursing point was guided, and combining with the regular telephone and hotline, the timely guidance and help were given by the community nurses. The effects were evaluated and compared after three months. Results: The compliance, rehabilitative knowledge cognition and satisfaction in the intervention group were better than those in the control group (P<0.01). And the incidence of the postoperative complications in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The postoperative nursing intervention can improve the compliant behavior and the cognition of the rehabilitation knowledge of the patients to consciously adopt the healthy behavior and promote the rehabilitation of the operated eye.

KEY WORDScataract; compliance behavior; nursing intervention

白内障是全球第一位致盲眼病，随着全球人口的老龄化，白内障的发病率以及患病总数都在不断上升[1]。由于白内障超声乳化联合晶状体植入术的切口小、散光少、恢复快、术后患者行动不受限等优点，成为治疗白内障的主流术式，且被白内障患者广泛接受[2]。手术是白内障患者成功复明的关键，但护理与术后疗效和转归关系密切[3]。本研究通过对老年白内障患者术后康复期开展社区护理干预，采用入户与电话访视相结合的健康教育形式，指导及督促患者遵医用药，提高自护能力，探讨老年白内障患者手术后社区护理干预效果。

1 资料和方法

1.1 一般资料

以2013年6月-12月在本市医疗机构行白内障超声乳化联合晶状体植入术的社区老年白内障患者230例，均意识清楚、听力无障碍、语言表达自如、无其他影响视力的眼部疾病、无精神性疾病，均自愿参与本研究。……