房树人绘画对中学生抑郁的辅助筛检

赵文君彭焱杨绍清张郢尤佳①李杰②

(华北理工大学心理学院河北唐山063000；①河北省秦皇岛精神卫生中心;②河北省保定市阜平县城南庄中学)

[摘要]①目的探讨房树人绘画特征对中学生抑郁的辅助筛检作用。②方法随机抽取保定市某中学730名中学生为研究对象，采用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)，房树人绘画测验(HTP)对其抑郁情绪进行筛查。将绘画手册中390项绘画特征与(CDI)得分进行斯皮尔曼相关分析，采用Logistic回归分析建立房树人绘画测验对青少年抑郁的筛检方程。③结果中学生抑郁发生率为32.3%,男生群体抑郁明显高于女生(χ2=15.557,P<0.001)。抑郁与8项绘画特征呈正相关；与7项绘画特征呈负相关；其中10项绘画特征进入了回归方程，并经NagelkerkeR2系数检验,反映方程具有中等程度的解释水平。同时评分一致性的程度较高(Kappa≈0.7，P<0.001)。④结论房树人绘画测验对青少年抑郁倾向具有一定筛检辅助作用。

[关键词]房树人绘画中学生抑郁筛检

[中图分类号]R 395.6[文献标识码]A

【基金项目】2014年河北省大学创新创业训练项目(编号：201410081088);河北联合大学2014年大学生创新性实验计划项目(编号：x2014D39)。

【作者简介】赵文君(1991-)，女，本科在读。研究方向：临床医学。

【通讯作者】彭焱。

Research H-T-P drawing test for assistant screening of depressed middle school tudentZHAOWenjun,PENGYan,YANGShaoqing,etal(CollegeofPsychology，NorthChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Tangshan063000,China)

ABSTRACT[]ObjectiveTo research the T-H-P drawing Characteristics for assistant screening significance of the depressed middle school student.MethodsA random sample of Baoding, 730 middle school students as the research object, use the Children's Depression Inventory and the HTP, 390 painting characteristics in the painting manual and scores of the Children's Depression Inventory are conducted by spearman correlation analysis, and utilize Logistic regression analysis to establish the H-T-P about assistant screening equation of adolescent depression.ResultsThe incidence of epression is 32.3% among middle school students,The boy group depression significantly higher than the girls(χ2=15.557,P<0.001).Depression is positively correlated with 8 painting characteristics(P<0.05). And negative correlation with 7 painting characteristics(P<0.05). 10painting characteristics enter the regression equation,After NagelkerkeR2 coefficient test, reflecting the equation has a moderate level of explanation.At the same time the degree of scoring consistency is higher(Kappa≈0.7，P<0.001).ConclusionH-T-P test for adolescent depression tendency has certain assistant screening value.

[KEYWORDS]H-T-P.Middle school students.Depressed.Screening

抑郁情绪是一种“心理感冒”,是人在心理失衡时的体验，在每个人一生中都有出现的可能性[1]。林华芬[2]研究发现，初中、高中生的抑郁检出率为56.7%。李惠[3]研究提出：压力倍增的中学生群体为抑郁滋生的首要人群。目前国内对中学生抑郁情绪的研究多数采用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)问卷调查，尚未有研究者对中学生抑郁的评估应用其他技术。房树人绘画特征测验(HTP)[4,5]已有近百年历史，相比较问卷调查，可以更好地避免被试作答的掩饰性。抑郁者思维迟缓，主动性减弱,不愿表达是其重要的临床特点，这就对抑郁的识别存在困难。……