罗春梅+胡红青+黄展林+等

摘要：以黄棕壤为试材，通过盆栽试验研究不同肥料及用量对小白菜（Brassica chinesis）产量、品质及养分吸收的影响，为硫酸钾镁肥在蔬菜上的应用提供参考。结果表明：①CK+硫酸钾（K1）、CK+硫酸钾镁（K2）和CK+硫酸钾+硫酸镁（K1M）各处理水平下，小白菜鲜重比对照（CK）分别提高14.70%～80.97%、52.16%～69.54%、12.89%～54.21%，硫酸镁（M）处理下小白菜生长受到抑制。各用量下K2处理小白菜产量、单位养分产出及产投效益最高。②施钾可明显促进小白菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和VC的积累。当施钾低于0.30 g/kg时，K1、K2处理下可溶性糖含量较高，且与K1M之间差别不大。施镁可提高小白菜可溶性蛋白和VC含量，可溶性蛋白质含量为K1M>K2>K1>M，VC含量为K1、K2处理显著高于K1M处理。小白菜植株硝酸盐的积累受施肥量的影响较小，而随施肥种类变化差异较大，与CK相比，施钾显著降低硝酸盐含量，施镁却促进硝酸盐的积累，钾、镁共存时硝酸盐积累量较大。③施钾能促进小白菜植株对钾的吸收，抑制对钙的吸收。

关键词：硫酸钾镁；小白菜（Brassica chinesis）；产量；品质；养分吸收

中图分类号：S143.5；S634.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）20-4969-06

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.20.012

Effects of Potassium-magnesium Sulfate on Yield， Quality and

Nutrients Uptake of Pakchoi

LUO Chun-mei1，HU Hong-qing1，HUANG Zhan-lin2，YE Lei3

（1.College of Resource and Environment， Huazhong Agricultural University， Wuhan 430070， China；2.Zhejiang AMP International Co.， Ltd. Hangzhou 310052， China；3.Tuanlin Irrigation Experimental Station， Zhanghe Water Engineering Authority， Jingmen 448800， Hubei， China）

Abstract： In order to understand the efficiency of potassium-magnesium sulfate on growth， quality and nutrient absorption of pakchoi（Brassica chinesis）， a pot experiment， consisted treatments of control（CK）， potassium sulfate （K1），potassium-magnesium sulfate （K2），potassium sulfate+magnesium sulfate （K1M），magnesium sulfate （M），was conducted on a yellow brown soil. The results showed：①The output of the pakchoi had increased significantly by using potassium-magnesium sulfate （K2） compared with the control and other treatments. With the increase of applying K2O，the pakchoi production increased. Under the treatments of K1，K2，K1M with different amount of K2O applied， pakchoi fresh weight increased by 14.70%～80.91%，52.16%～69.54%，and 12.89%～54.21%， respectively， compared with the CK. ②K application could significantly promote the accumulation of soluble sugar， soluble protein and Vitamin C （VC） in the pakchoi. The soluble sugar content under K1，K2 treatment was higher when the amount of K2O application was less than 0.30 g/kg， and showed no significant differences with K1M. The application of Mg could improve the content of soluble protein and VC to a certain extent. The content of soluble protein in pakchoi leaves increased with the amount of K2O application and had the order of K1M>K2>K1>M under the same K level. The VC content for K1，K2 treatments was significantly higher than that of K1M treatment. The contents of soluble sugar， soluble protein and VC were higher than that of control. The amount of fertilizer application had little effect on the accumulation of nitrate in pakchoi leaves for different treatments， but the accumulation of nitrate was strongly influenced by the different fertilizers. The applying of K fertilizer could significantly reduce the nitrate content of the pakchoi compared with the CK，while Mg in a certain extent could promote the accumulation of nitrate. ③The applying of K fertilizer had significant effect on the absorption of K on pakchoi plant， and inhibited the absorption of calcium.

Key words： potassium-magnesium sulfate； pakchoi（Brassica chinesis）； yield； quality； nutrient absorption

钾是植物营养三要素之一，也是影响作物产量的重要因素。近年来，随着农业生产水平的提高以及作物种植结构的优化调整，作物对钾的需求量渐增。研究证明，在氮、磷肥用量充足的情况下，适当施钾可使蔬菜产量增加10%～20%，作物品质和经济效益明显提高，而且能改善纤维品质，提高蔬菜维生素含量等[1，2]。

蔬菜是喜钾作物，施钾在多种蔬菜生产上均表现出良好的效果。随着蔬菜产业的快速增长，蔬菜施钾受到人们的广泛重视[3，4]。硫酸钾……