吕运鹏++蒙京糯++邓树嵩

【摘要】 目的 调查百色市6～14岁留守儿童的膳食营养状况及其影响因素，提出合理的儿童营养干预措施及建议，以期改善留守儿童的营养健康水平。

方法 采用整群抽样的方法，随机抽取百色市3所小学和一所中学6～14岁513名儿童，调查儿童的基本情况、3天24 h的膳食回顾及用BMI值来评价其营养状况。

结果 百色市6～14岁儿童体重过低超过18.62%，而留守儿童比非留守儿童体重过低率更高，达到27.07%；留守儿童的能量和多种营养素的摄入量均低于非留守儿童，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05或0.01）。

结论 百色市6～14岁儿童膳食营养状况较差，主要表现在儿童营养不良发生率偏高、膳食种类摄入不均衡、能量和多种营养素摄入不足。

【关键词】 留守儿童；膳食；营养状况；营养素

中图分类号：R153.2 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.10031383.2015.05.005

Investigation and analysis of dietary nutrition of leftbehind children in Baise

[HJ2][HJ]

LV Yunpeng，MENG Jingnuo，DENG Shusong

（Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities，Baise 533000，Guangxi，China）

[HJ2][HJ]

【Abstract】 Objective To study nutritional status and its influencing factors of leftbehind children between 6～14 years old in Baise，so as to put forward reasonable nutrition intervention measures and suggestions of improving the nutrition and health levels of the leftbehind children.

Methods With the method of cluster sampling，children aged 6～14 years old from 3 primary schools and a middle school in Baise were randomly collected.Then，basic situation of children and 3 days of 24 h dietary review were investigated.Meanwhile，BMI value was used to assess their nutritional status.

Results Low weight rate of children aged 6～14 years in Baise was more than 18.62%，that of the leftbehind children was higher than that（27.07%） of nonleft behind children，and ADI （acceptable daily intake） of energy and various nutrients of the leftbehind children was lower than that of nonleft behind children，so difference was statistically significant （P<0.05 or 0.01）.

Conclusion Nutrition condition of leftbehind children between 6～14 years old in Baise is poor，which mainly displays in high incidence of child malnutrition，imbalance of types of dietary intake，and inadequate intake of energy and a variety of nutrients.

【Key words】 leftbehind children；diet；nutrition status；nutrient

近几年随着我国改革开放事业的发展和深入，很多农村剩余劳动力向发达地区转移。而由于经济、生活条件等各方面原因，大多数外出务工人员的子女不能随父母进城生活，而被安置在农村，和祖父母一起生活或寄养在叔辈、亲戚家，形成一个特殊的群体——留守儿童[1]。留守儿童因缺乏父母的照料，其饮食质量较差、营养水平低、膳食结构不合理等，不利其健康成长。而儿童时期的膳食营养状况对其一生的健康状况至关重要，良好的膳食营养状况不仅会促进儿童的生长发育并能开发其最大的生长潜能，而且对缺铁性贫血、肥胖、饮食紊乱、龋齿等疾病的发生起预防作用[2]。……