郭颖涛 于景华

摘要

以呼伦贝尔林区兴安落叶松、樟子松、红皮云杉为研究对象，共选择29块标准样地，利用相对生长法对采样数据进行计算和分析。结果表明：兴安落叶松单株干材总生物量比重随林龄增加逐渐增大，树根与树叶生物量比重与干材相反;地上生物量比重随林龄增加逐渐增大，至成熟林后趋于稳定。樟子松干材地上生物量比重随林龄、胸径的增大逐渐增大，增幅相对稳定;中龄木和成龄木与幼林木间的差别较大。随林龄、胸径的变化，红皮云杉各器官比重变化较大，单株树叶总生物量比重逐渐降低，且变幅较大;单株树根总生物量比重随树龄、胸径的增加有先降低后增加的变化趋势;树皮和树枝生物量比重整体变化不大，生长比较均匀。

关键词 呼伦贝尔;生物量;针叶树种;器官

中图分类号 S718.5  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2015）03-230-03

Investigation on Biomass Accumulation of Different Organs of Primary Coniferous Tree Species in Hulunbeir

GUO Yingtao¹，2， YU Jinghua¹*

（1. Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology， Ministry of Education， Northeast Forestry University， Harbin， Heilongjiang 150040; 2. Heilongjiang Forest Protection Research Institute， Harbin， Heilongjiang 150040）

Abstract With Larix gmelini， Pinus sylvestris， Picea koraiensis in Hulunbeir as study object， the relative growth method was utilized to analyze sampling data. The results indicated that the stem material in the proportion of total biomass of Larix gmelinii decreases with the gradual growth of age. On the contrary， the biomass proportion of root and leaf increases with the growing age. In addition， the proportion of biomass on the ground increases gradually with the growth of age and is stabilized when the forest is matured. The proportion of the biomass of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv. on the ground increases with the growth of age and diameter at breast height （DBH）， and the increased amplitude  remained relatively steady. But the biomass of middle and old ages differs from that of young age. The difference also occupies between the branches and leaves. With the growth of age and DBH changes， there are large variations among each organ of Picea koraiensis Nakai. The biomass proportion of leaves gradually reduced with a large scale， while the roots initially decreases and then increases with the growth of age and DBH. The bark and branches exhibit slight variations and their overall growth is relatively uniform.

Key words Hulunbeier; Biomass; Coniferous species; Organ

呼伦贝尔境内的大兴安岭林区是中国森林分布的主要地区，是全球森林生态系统的重要组成部分，这里不仅是内蒙古森林的重要组成部分，也是黑龙江和松花江的发源地。呼伦贝尔草原、松嫩平原以及东北地区所有粮食生产区的生态安全都与之密切相关，因此大兴安岭林区被称为祖国北方的重要生态屏障。呼伦贝尔的大兴安岭林区分布的主要针叶树种有兴安落叶松、樟子松和红皮云杉，这3个树种是该区域森林生态研究的典型树种。笔者针对呼伦贝尔林区以上3个树种的单株乔木生物量变化进行研究，包含树干生物量、树枝生物量、树皮生物量、树叶生物量、树根生物量5部分^[1]。……