朱丽娜 王艳红 沈莉芹 吴爱平

摘要 [目的]了解空心莲子草的化感作用机理，为空心莲子草的防控和管理提供理论依据。[方法]研究了空心莲子草浸提液对5种常见蔬菜种子萌发的影响。[结果]空心莲子草浸提液处理仅对五月慢和意大利生菜种子的萌发率具有显著影响，而对其他3种种子的萌发率无显著影响;无论地上或地下浸提液处理萌发率由高到低依次为一点红萝卜、五月慢、一点红苋菜、意大利生菜和萝卜芽菜。浸提液处理对5种蔬菜种子幼苗芽长和根长的影响具有明显的种间差异。[结论]总的来说，空心莲子草的化感作用表现为抑制作用，但地上和地下浸提液的化感效应方式和强度在不同物种间及指标间存在较大差异。在空心莲子草侵染严重的地区，在针对该5种蔬菜种子的选择时，以选择一点红萝卜为宜。

关键词 空心莲子草;种子萌发;化感作用;蔬菜种子

中图分类号 S567.23  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2015）03-096-03

Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb on Seed Germination of Five Vegetable Seeds

ZHU Lina， WANG Yanhong*， SHEN Liqin et al

（Center for Cultivation of Subtropical Forest Resources， Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University， Hangzhou， Zhejiang 311300）

Abstract [Objective] The allelopathy mechanism of A. philoxeroides was understood to provide theoretical basis for control and management of A. philoxeroides. [Method] Effects of aqueous extracts from A. philoxeroides on seed germination of five vegetable seeds were studied. [Result] The aqueous extracts had no effects on the seed germination of Luoboyacai， Yidianhongxiancai and Yidianhongluobo， but had significant effects on those of Wuyueman and Yidalilshengcai; meanwhile， no matter aboveground or underground aqueous extracts from A. philoxeroides， the germination rates of five vegetable seeds in sequence from high to low were Yidianhongluobo， Wuyueman， Yidianhongxiancai， Yidalishengcai and Luoboyacai. Besides， the allelopathy effects of A. philoxeroides on the bud length and root length of five vegetable seeds had significant interspecific differences. [Conclusion] The allolepathy of A. philoxeroides was negative， but there were vastly differences between species and parameters about the affecting style and extent of aboveground and underground leaching solutions. Therefore， at the areas where the invasion of A. philoxeroides is extensive and so is difficult to be wiped off， Yidianhongluobo is the better selection compared to other seeds.

Key words Alternanthera philoxeroides; Seed germination; Allelopathy; Vegetable seeds

基金項目 浙江省自然科学基金项目（LQ12C03002）;浙江农林大学亚热带森林资源培育研究中心预研基金项目（CCSFR2013003）;国家自然科学基金项目（31400366，31301725）。

作者简介 朱丽娜（1993- ），女，安徽芜湖人，本科生，专业：生态学。*通讯作者，讲师，博士，从事恢复生态学研究。

收稿日期 20141129

空心莲子草（Alternanthera philoxeroides Griseb）又名喜旱莲子草、水花生、空心苋、水蕹菜、螃蜞菊、革命草，为苋科莲子草属（Alternanthera）多年生宿根草本，原产南美洲，现广泛分布于世界温带及亚热带地区，几乎遍及我国黄河流域以南地区，是入侵浙江省的恶性杂草^[1-3]。……