毛家伟 张锦中 王锦桥

摘要 [目的]为探讨生物光合菌肥在烟草上的应用效果。[方法]通过大田小区试验，研究生物光合菌肥对烤烟生长发育及经济性状的影响。[结果]喷施生物光合菌肥能促进烟株生长，提高烟株各项农艺性状指标。从经济性状看，喷施生物光合菌肥能显著提高烤烟产量、产值、上等烟比例和均价，产量提高幅度为8.1%～11.2%，平均增加产值5 690元/hm²。化学成分分析表明，喷施生物光合菌肥烤后烟叶化学成分较协调。[结论] 生物光合菌肥在烟草生产上可进一步推广应用。

关键词 生物光合菌肥;烤烟;经济性状

中图分类号 S359.1  文献标识码

A  文章编号 0517-6611（2015）03-060-02

Effects of Photosynthetic Bacteria Fertilizer on Agronomical and Economic Character of Fluecured Tobacco

MAO Jiawei¹，ZHANG Jinzhong²， WANG Jinqiao²  （ 1. Institute of Plant Nutrition Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science， Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Zhengzhou， Henan 450002; 2. Tobacco Company of Zhoukou， Zhoukou， Henan 466000）

Abstract  [Objective] The research aimed to explore the application effect of photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer on fluecured tobacco. [Method] Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer on agronomical and economic character of fluecured tobacco. [Result] Spraying photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer could promote the fluecured tobacco growth and improve the agronomic traits of tobacco plant. From economic characters， spraying photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer could significantly increase the yield and the value of fluecured tobacco， and the yield was increased by 8.1%-11.2%， the output value was increased by 5 690 yuan/hm². The analysis of chemical component showed that spraying photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer could optimize character of chemical components in tobacco leaf. [Conclusion] Photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer could be applied in fluecured tobacco production.

Key words Photosynthetic bacteria fertilizer; Fluecured tobacco; Economic characters

基金項目 河南省烟草公司科技项目（HYKJ2012M01;HYKJM201303）。

作者简介 毛家伟（1981- ），男，湖北广水人，助理研究员，硕士，从事植物营养与施肥研究与推广。

收稿日期 20141203

叶面营养是烤烟根外营养的重要途径。它具有吸收速度快、针对性强、土壤固定少、肥料利用率高、污染小、成本低等特点^[1]。多项研究和生产实践表明，施用叶面肥有促进烟株生长、提高烤烟产量和质量的效果^[2-5]。光合细菌具有固碳、固氮的功能，能够改善植物营养，增加土壤肥力，抑制病原微生物的生长^[6]。生物光合菌肥是一种无毒、无公害、无副作用的动植物高效生物生长调节增产制剂。它既能直接供给植物养分，又能调节植物生长机能^[7]。针对豫东烟区烤后烟叶存在的化学成分不协调、工业可用性降等问题，利用目前发展较快的新型微生物肥料生物光合菌肥，研究对烤烟生长发育、经济性状的影响，探讨其提高烤烟产质量的可行性，为提高烟区烤烟产质量提供科学依据。……