草食畜牧业产业发展现状、问题及对策
2015-10-21郭太雷
郭太雷
摘要分析了织金县的草食畜牧业发展优势,阐述了产业发展现状、存在的问题,提出了优化织金草食畜牧业产业发展的措施:积极推进生产方式转变;大力推动产业化发展;建立健全良种繁育配套体系;加大政策与资金扶持力度。
关键词草食畜牧业;现状;问题;措施;织金
中图分类号S-9文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)31-330-03
Development Status, Problems and Countermeasures of Herbivorous Animal Husbandry—Investigation on Zhijin County in Guizhou Province
GUO Tailei(Zhijin Forage Workstation, Zhijin, Guizhou 552100)
AbstractThe advantages of developing herbivorous animal husbandry industry in Zhijin County were analyzed, the industry development status, existing problems were elaborated, countermeasures for optimizing herbivorous animal husbandry industry in Zhijin County were put forward: actively promote the transformation of production mode, and vigorously promote the industrialization of development, establish and improve the matching system of breeding and breeding, increase policy and financial support.
Key wordsHerbivorous animal husbandry; Present situation; Problem; Measures; Zhijin
发展草食畜牧业有利于缓解粮食供需压力,调整和优化资源配置,改善生态环境,拓宽食品供应渠道,增加农牧民收入与夯实农业发展基础。贵州省织金县草食畜牧业产业发展历史悠久,但进展缓慢。近年来,通过政策、资金与技术的不断扶持,该县的草食畜牧业正由传统的分散养殖向集中、规模养殖过渡。
1产业发展优势分析
1.1自然与资源优势
1.1.1气候条件优越。织金县地处乌江上游支流六冲河与三岔河交汇处的三角地带,国土面积2 868 km2,最低海拔860 m,最高海拔2 262 m,县城海拔1 319 m,年平均气温14.10 ℃,年均降雨量1 474.90 mm,无霜期343 d,冬无严寒,夏无酷暑,适宜于多种生物的生长与繁殖。
1.1.2以牛羊為主的草食畜禽品种资源丰富。织金主要地方草食畜禽品种有关岭黄牛、贵州水牛、贵州半细毛羊、贵州黑山羊、织金白鹅等。“五五”计划开始后,先后引进辛地红、西门塔尔、安格斯、利木赞、秦川牛、波尔山羊、努比亚、美姑羊、湖羊、獭兔等优良品种对地方品种进行改良或养殖,以优化群体结构,提高生产效益。
1.1.3饲草饲料资源富足。全县饲草种类主要有禾本科、豆科等11科42属259种;灌木及半灌木有桦木科、壳斗科等14科27属116种。……
