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“阴阳”与“二元”的碰撞

2015-10-14

科教导刊 2015年23期

(北京师范大学哲学学院 北京 100875)

摘 要 二元论是西方哲学中非常重要的一个部分,其主要内容和根本目的是为了对这个世界的对偶性进行更好的说明,具体又分灵肉二元、心物二元和身心二元三个时期。而与之相对的是中国哲学中的阴阳思想,阴阳思想在中国起源甚早、流传甚广、影响甚笃。而阴阳思想又包括遍在义、交涵义、存在义和价值义。本文从产生的历史渊源入手,试图对两者进行比较与区分。尽管从产生的起源和具体时期的特点来说,二元论和阴阳思想都不尽相同,但在这种不同的基础上,他们却可以相互联系在一起。同时,阴阳观念对于反思西方二元论在探讨世界的过程中产生的分割性过于明显的弊端以及其内部矛盾,发展世界哲学尤其具有突出的价值和意义。唐君毅先生对于宇宙的对偶性与二元论的论述虽不完美但却可敬亦足供借鉴。

关键词 阴阳 二元 对偶性 唐君毅

中图分类号:B26 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkz.2015.08.074

"Yin and Yang" and "Dual" Collision

——Comments on Tang Junyi's  Survey and Discussion of Duality and Dualism of the Universe

YANG Fan

(College of Philosophy and Sociology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875)

Abstract: Dualism of Western philosophy is a very important part of the main content and the fundamental purpose of the duality of this world be a better description, the specific body and soul is divided into binary and binary and mental and physical heart was two yuan three periods . And as opposed to the Chinese philosophy of Yin Yang thought, Yin Yang thought very early origin in China, widespread, affecting very deep. The Yin Yang thought also includes ubiquitous meaning, meaning pay, meaning the presence of meaning and value. From history it produced paper tries to compare them with distinction. Although the origins and characteristics of produce specific period, the dualism of yin and yang ideas are not the same, but on the basis of this difference, they can contact each other. At the same time, the concept of yin and yang for reconsideration of Western dualism in exploring the world produced during the division of the too obvious drawbacks as well as its own internal contradictions, the world's philosophy, especially with outstanding value and significance. Tang Junyi discusses that the universe duality and dualism is not perfect but it is also sufficient for a respectable draw.

Keywords: Yin and yang; dualism; duality; Tang Junyi

在西方哲学发展的历史中,一元论和二元论之争是一个持续很久且十分复杂的问题。但是这一问题的根源相对来说却又是纯粹的,就是我们日常所能够认识和感受得到的这个世界中的事物与其性质之间的关系。这种关系又是以一种对偶性作为具体体现的,即心与物的对偶、灵与肉的对偶、心与身的对偶等等,这就是西方的二元论思想。而一元论作为与二元论相对应的一种存在,是认为世界只有一个本原的哲学学说。……

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