24个朱顶红品种主要观赏性状的初步研究
2015-09-02张宁宁邵和平张琼夏明霞衡燕
张宁宁 邵和平 张琼 夏明霞 衡燕
摘 要:以引进的24个朱顶红品种为试材,研究其开花习性和主要观赏性状。结果表明,朱顶红各品种的花期、花部性状、开花习性等均有一定差异,南非品种展叶与开花大都同时进行,早秋种植,圣诞开花;荷兰品种大多先花后叶,花期在2—4月份。‘棉花糖、‘娇羞新娘、‘维加斯、‘初恋、‘柠檬冰糕、‘圣诞快乐、‘花瓶、‘紫雨、‘双龙、‘双重漩涡等15个品种综合性状优,可推广种植。
关键词:朱顶红;观赏性状;应用
中图分类号:S682.2+5 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.09.030
Preliminary Study on the Main Ornamental Characteristics of Twenty-four Hippeastrum Species
ZHANG Ning-ning,SHAO He-ping,ZHANG Qiong,XIA Ming-xia,HENG Yan
(Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Science,Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046,China)
Abstract:24 Hippeastrum species were introduced to study on the flowering habits and ornamental characteristics.The results showed that for each species their flowering, flower character, flowering habit and so on all have certain differences. South Africa's most varieties their exhibition leaf and flower are the same time, planting in early autumn, flower in the Christmas; most dutch varieties firstly growing leaf then flowering, flowering in 2-4 months. The character of 'Candy Floss', 'Blushing Bride', 'First Love', 'lemon Sorbet', 'Merry Christmas', 'Gervase', 'Purple Rain', 'Double Dragon', 'Splash' were integrated good, so they could be promoted.
Key words:Hippeastrum;ornamental characteristics;application
朱顶红(Hippeastrum hybridum) 是石蒜科朱顶红属多年生草本植物,原生种约有50~60种[1],主要分布在中南美洲,经世界各地园艺学家杂交选育,如今已形成了朱顶红品种1 000余个(含杂交种、变种),其中广为流行的园艺栽培品种约有100多个。朱顶红花色繁多、花型独特、花大色艳、叶片修长,既可用作露地园林应用栽培,同时也是重要的盆花、切花,是具有极高观赏价值并深受消费者青睐的重要球根花卉。在欧洲、日本、俄罗斯等地大受欢迎,具有极高的开发前景。我国每年亦须从国外大量进口用于年宵花栽培的朱顶红种球,价格昂贵(每球30~50元),近年来国内已陆续开始进行种球繁育技术研究[2-8],目前尚未实现种球的规模化生产。笔者通过对引进的24个朱顶红品种进行主要观赏性状和开花习性等的观察研究,探讨其在南京地区的栽培性状表现,筛选出适应性强、观赏性状优良的朱顶红品种,为其在南京地区种球的产业化、规模化生产和推广提供参考依据。……
