白玉荣

[摘要] 目的 研究神经内科住院的805例老年患者的临床特点，为今后更好的指导临床提供依据。 方法 从年龄分布、疾病诊断、用药情况、住院次数等方面回顾性研究2012年6月—2014年6月在该科住院的老年住院病人（年龄≥65岁），并进行统计分析。 结果 住院患者数量呈上升趋势，女性住院高于男性；患者年龄分布集中在65～69岁和70～79岁。住院患者疾病诊断频次前10位是高血压、脑梗死、高血脂症、冠心病、糖尿病、脑供血不足、泌尿系感染、前庭周围性眩晕、肺部感染、帕金森氏病，除帕金森氏病外，女性发病率均较男性高。住院用药主要为脱水利尿药、抗血小板凝聚药、脑血管扩张药、抗凝及溶栓药等，多3个或3个以上系统联合用药。结论 该院神经内科主要收治疾病为心脑血管疾病、内分泌代谢疾病，女性居多，大多数年龄分布在65～79岁，用药以多系统药物联合治疗为主，神经内科医师应加强老年医学知识专业化、系统化学习和掌握。

[关键词] 神经内科；住院；老年患者；特点

[中图分类号] R195 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2015）01（b）-0070-02

Analysis of characteristics of elderly hospitalized patients with neurological department of Internal Medicine

BAI Yurong

The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hulun Buir People's Hospital Department of Geriatrics， 021008，China

[Abstract] Objective To study neural Department of internal medicine in hospital 805 cases of elderly patients with clinical characteristics， to provide a basis for better clinical guidance. Methods the age distribution， disease diagnosis， drug use， times of hospitalization and other aspects of retrospective study in 2012 June to 2014 June in our hospital of elderly hospitalized patients （aged 65 years）， and statistical analysis. Results the number of hospitalized patients is on the rise， and females were higher than male； age distribution of patients concentrated in the 65～69 years and 70～79 years old. Hospital diagnosis of patients with disease frequency before 10 are hypertension， cerebral infarction， hyperlipidemia， coronary heart disease， diabetes， cerebral insufficiency， urinary tract infection， vestibular peripheral vertigo， pulmonary infection， Parkinson's disease， in addition to Parkinson's disease， the incidence is higher than the male female. The inpatient medication mainly for removal of water diuresis medicine， anti platelet drugs， cerebral vasodilator， anticoagulant and thrombolytic drugs， drug combination three or more than three systems. Conclusion neural Department of internal medicine in our hospital mainly treated diseases as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， endocrine and metabolic diseases， women are in the majority， most of the distribution of age at 65～79 years old， medication to multi system combination drug therapy is given priority to， neurological department of internal medicine physicians should strengthen old professional medical knowledge， learning and mastering system.

[Key words] neural Department of internal medicine； Hospital； elderly patients； characteristicsendprint

随着医学科学和先进的诊疗技术的发展进步，越来越多的慢性或重症疾病得以有效控制，使得医疗机构中住院患者的平均年龄逐年增长，老年患者的比例越来越高[1]。临床医师对老年医学知识的学习掌握就显得非常重要，神经内科也不例外，尤其是针对心脑血管病[2-3]。为探索神经内科老年住院患者的临床特点、加强老年防治，更好地为其临床提供依据和保健服务，该研究回顾性研究该院2012年6月—2014年6月在该科住院的老年住院病人，现报道如下。……