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湖北宣恩火腿基本成分分析

2015-08-08崔莹莹等

肉类研究 2015年5期

崔莹莹等

摘 要:以湖北宣恩火腿为原料,测定其股二头肌部位的水分、蛋白质、脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸等含量。结果表明:宣恩火腿营养丰富,基本成分含量:水分55.18%、蛋白质22.80%、脂肪21.55%,pH 6.35;宣恩火腿中被检测出的氨基酸17 种,必需氨基酸7 种,占总氨基酸含量的29.47%;非必需氨基酸10 种,占总氨基酸含量的70.53%;含量较高的游离氨基酸有Ala、Pro、Leu、Val、Ile 和Phe;含量较高的脂肪酸有棕榈酸(C16∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)和亚油酸(C18∶2)。

关键词:宣恩火腿;股二头肌;基本成分

Proximate Composition Analysis of Xuanen Ham from Hubei Province

CUI Yingying1, HE Le1,2, WANG Haibin1,2,*, XU Wei1,2, CHEN Jiwang1,2

(1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China;

2. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Processing of Agricultural Products, Wuhan 430023, China)

Abstract: The contents of water, protein, fat, amino acids, fatty acids and other components in the biceps femoris muscle of Xuanen ham from Hubei province were measured. Results showed that Xuanen ham was rich in nutrients which contained water 55.18%, protein 22.80%, and fat 21.55% at pH 6.35. There were 17 kinds of amino acids detected in the ham, including 7 kinds of essential amino acids, representing 29.47% of the total amino acids; and 10 kinds of non-essential amino acids, accounting for 70.53% of the total amino acids. The main free amino acids present in Xuanen ham inlucded Ala, Pro, Leu, Val, Ile and Phe, and the main fatty acids included C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2.

Key words: Xuanen ham; biceps femoris; proximate components

中图分类号:TS251.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2015)05-0006-04

doi: 10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201505002

宣恩火腿是湖北省恩施州传统发酵火腿的杰出代表,与浙江金华火腿、江苏如皋火腿、云南宣威火腿并称为“中国四大名腿”。宣恩火腿具有较高的盐分和较低的水分,能抑制致病菌和腐败菌的生长繁殖,可长期保存,因味道鲜美、口感醇厚、营养丰富[1]而大受欢迎,在长达数月的加工过程中,由于火腿内脂质、蛋白质的降解和氧化等多种原因使得其风味浓郁。目前对金华火腿、如皋火腿、宣威火腿风味形成机理的研究较多[2-5],而对宣恩火腿的基本品质和风味特性等方面的系统研究鲜见报道,因此,本实验以成熟的宣恩火腿为对象,取股二头肌部分,对其主要成分进行分析,为产品品质特性评价,以及后续开展的宣恩火腿风味形成机理研究、建立工业化生产和质量保证技术体系提供参考。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料与试剂

火腿由湖北大派食品有限责任公司提供的8个月以上工序的成熟宣恩火腿,取股二头肌部分,绞碎混合均匀,于―20℃贮存备用。……

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