严建援等

摘要：为了保证软件即服务（Software as a Service， SaaS）模式下客户租用软件的质量，运用委托代理理论在双边道德风险条件下从供应链管理的视角分别构建了基于内部质量检测的担保契约和基于外部故障检测的担保契约，并对两种质量担保契约对SaaS供应链的协调效果进行验证及对比分析。研究结果表明，基于外部故障检测的担保契约只有在故障检测不会错误地判定软件开发商所承担的质量担保责任时才能实现供应链的协调，而基于内部质量检测的担保契约无需约束条件便可实现供应链协调；以SaaS提供商期望收益最大化作为决策标准，基于内部质量检测的担保契约优于基于外部故障检测的担保契约。

关键词：双边道德风险；SaaS供应链；质量担保契约；供应链协调

中图分类号：F272 文献标示码：A 文章编号：

Quality Guaranty Contract Design of SaaS Supply Chain Under Double Moral Hazard

YAN Jian-yuan ZHEN Jie ZHANG Zhen-ni

（1.Business School， Nankai University， Tianjin 300071， China； 2. Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering， University of Oulu， Oulu 90014， Finland）

Abstract：In order to ensure the quality of software rented by customers through SaaS model， two types of quality guaranty contract based on internal quality inspection and external fault detection were designed with the principal-agent theory respectively from the perspective of supply chain management under double moral hazard. Besides， the coordination effect of these two kinds of quality guaranty contract were verified and compared. It shows that quality guaranty contract based on external fault detection could coordinate the supply chain in the premise of fault detection would not judge the responsibility taken by software vendor incorrectly， while quality guaranty contract based on internal quality inspection could coordinate the supply chain without any premises. Furthermore， quality guaranty contract based on internal quality inspection is better than its counterpart based on external fault detection according to profit maximization of SaaS provider.

Key words：double moral hazard； SaaS supply chain； quality guaranty contract； supply chain coordination

1 引言

软件即服务（Software as a Service，SaaS）作为一种新兴的IT服务模式由于实现了软件交付的创新而引起广泛关注。NIST将其定义为：为客户提供一种能力，使他们能够使用运行在云基础设施上的、由云服务供应商所提供的应用程序，而无需管理和控制底层的云基础设施。简言之，SaaS服务模式以软件部署为基础，通过互联网为客户提供软件服务[1]。用在线软件服务代替传统套装软件销售，不仅使软件免于盗版的困扰，而且降低了企业购买、构建和维护基础设施和应用的成本，较好地满足了中小企业发展的需求[2，3]。当前SalesForce的CRM服务、Netsuite的ERP服务都已经成为SaaS市场中的佼佼者，而且像甲骨文、Microsoft等软件巨头也开始投入大量资本试图从传统软件向SaaS模式转移。……