异质行业下企业创新效率的可比测度
2015-07-30杨敏陈泽明
杨敏+++陈泽明



摘要:以354家创业板上市公司为样本,通过极化模拟和DEA二次叠加,揭示创业板上市公司的创新效率分布,实现了异质行业下企业创新技术效率的可比评价。研究发现:绝大多数创业板上市公司可比创新效率较低,存在较大改进空间,其中平均可比综合创新技术效率最高的是广播、电视、电影和影视录音制造业,最低的是计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业;企业创新投入结构上存在较大的不平衡性,研发经费投入的有效性没有得到应有的释放,通过改善管理、激励、来提升创新效率比单纯改变规模更有效。
关键词:极化模拟 二次叠加 DEA 创业板 可比创新效率
中图分类号:F270.7 文献标识码: 文章编号:
The Comparable Measure on the Enterprise Innovation Efficiency of the Heterogeneous Industry
——Based on the DEA Secondary Superposition of Polarization Modeling
YANG Min1,2, CHEN Ze-ming1
(1School of Economics and Management, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044; 2Chinese Communist Party School of Zhang jiagang, Zhang jiagang, 215600)
Abstract: Taking 354 listed companies on GEM as the sample, revealing the innovation efficiency distribution of the listed companies on GEM, and evaluating the technical efficiency of enterprise innovation from the perspective of heterogeneous industry by polarization modeling and DEA secondary superposition. The conclusions are as follows: most of the comparable innovation efficiency is low, and there is a big space to improve for the listed companies on GEM; in terms of the average comparable comprehensive innovation technology efficiency, the highest are the broadcast industry, TV industry, film industry, and video recording industry; the lowest are computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry; there are larger imbalance in structure of enterprise innovation investment, and the effectiveness of the R&D input have not been released efficiently; its more effective to promote innovation efficiency by improvement of management, motivation, and technology than altering the scale simply.
Key words: Polarization modeling; Secondary superposition; DEA; GEM; Comparable innovation efficiency
引言
企业的创新效率作为企业创新活动的一种量化评价,是企业在激烈的市场竞争中保持持续的竞争优势的关键,是企业创新管理、决策的基础,也是企业创新能力保持和发展的前提条件。关于企业创新技术效率的研究比较多,但真正能够客观、真实、系统反映“企业”的创新活动的并不多见。由于受数据可得性的困扰,大多数研究被迫选择具有共同统计属性的企业综合平均数据作为分析对象,比如大中型企业、规模以上企业、高新技术企业等等。虽然能够便捷的形成对某类企业的综合认识,但这却导致了个体企业作为创新主体的创新效率评价被人为平均化。因而,以此为基础形成的对中国企业创新技术效率的规律性认识存在一定程度的失真。……
