APP下载

天然咖啡因与人工合成咖啡因的鉴别

2015-07-13黄艳陈浩莫建光

安徽农业科学 2015年7期

黄艳 陈浩 莫建光

摘要[目的]通过研究咖啡因自身结构差异性,得到一种新的鉴别天然与人工合成咖啡因的方法。 [方法] 通过茶叶提取天然高纯度咖啡因,利用连续流同位素质谱法检测被测咖啡因样品元素的同位素比值,根据其差值来进行判定,鉴别出天然咖啡因与合成咖啡因。 [结果]研究表明,利用连续流同位素质谱法,将实验室提取制备的天然牛磺酸与市场购买的人工合成牛磺酸进行元素的同位素比值测定,发现天然咖啡因的δ13C同位素比值为-25,δ15N同位素比值为-1.5;而人工合成咖啡因的δ13C同位素比值为-36,δ15N同位素比值为-10,其同位素比值存在明显的差异,根据同位素比值的差异性可以对天然与人工合成的咖啡因进行鉴别判定。 [结论] 天然咖啡因和合成咖啡因的δ13C、δ15N同位素比值存在明显的差异,可通过其差异性比值鉴别出天然与人工合成咖啡因。

关键词咖啡因;鉴别;同位素比值

中图分类号S509-9文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)07-316-02

Identification of Natural and Synthetic Caffeine Caffeine

HUANG Yan1, CHEN Hao2, MO Jian-guang1

(1. Guangxi Analysis and Test Research Center, Nanning, Guangxi 530022; 2. Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Guangxi Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Nanning, Guangxi 530022)

Abstract[Objective] Through study on caffeine itself structure difference, a new method for identifying natural and synthetic caffeine was obtained. [Method] The natural high purity caffeine was extracted from tea, continuous flow isotope mass spectrometry was used to detect the ratio of isotope, according to the difference to identify natural and synthetic caffeine. [Result] The ratio of isotope was determined on natural taurine and artificial synthesis taurine. It was found that the ratio of isotope δ13C is -25, δ15N is -1.5 in natural caffeine; δ13C is -36, δ15N is -10 in synthetic caffeine. According to the significant sifference of the ratio of isotype, natural and synthetic caffeine can de distinguished. [Conclusion] The ratio of isotope(δ13C, δ15N) in natural and synthetic caffeine has significant differences, which can be used as the way for identification.

Key words Caffeine; Identification; Isotope ratio

咖啡因是一种植物生物碱,1895~1899年由易·费斯歇及其学生首先完成咖啡因的人工合成过程。由于人工合成咖啡因的成本较天然咖啡因低,且生产能力大,所以,人工合成咖啡因仍是咖啡因的主要来源[1]。目前,咖啡因的人工合成方法有几种[2-4]:氰乙酸乙酯尿素法、氰乙酸尿素缩合法、1,3二甲基-4-亚氨基脲嗪溴化法、以尿酸为起始原料的半合成法、二甲脲与氰乙酸路线合成法、甲醛合成法等。天然的咖啡因于1820年由林格最初从咖啡豆中提取得到,其后在茶叶、冬青茶中亦有发现。……

登录APP查看全文