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沪宁高铁沿线句容境内废弃宕口植被恢复的调查研究

2015-07-13张波吴文浩万福绪等

安徽农业科学 2015年7期

张波 吴文浩 万福绪等

摘要 近年来废弃宕口在全球特别在我国迅速增加,已经对地质结构和生态环境造成了损害或者潜在危险正在发生中。以沪宁高铁句容境内沿线的废弃宕口为研究区,选取横山西部宕口(A)、东二宕口(B)、横山东部宕口(C)和东一宕口(D)为研究对象,调查分析了4处废弃宕口植被恢复情况,研究了其土壤理化性质,并提出句容地区废弃宕口植被恢复的措施。

关键词 废弃宕口;土壤理化性质;植被恢复;植物多样性

中图分类号S181.3文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)07-272-04

Study on Recovery Condition of Vegetation at Discarded Pits in Jurong Section of Shanghai-Nanjing High-speed Railway

ZHANG Bo1, WU Wen-hao2, WAN Fu-xu1* et al

(1. Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037; 2. Jurong Forestry Science and Technology Promotion Center, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400)

AbstractIn recent years, discarded pits have increased rapidly in the world, especially in China, accordingly, the special environmental and geologic disasters are happening or in potential developing. In this paper, the pits of the west and east of Hengshan Mountain and East One and Two are selected as objects of studies in Jurong Section of Shanghai-Nanjing High-speed Railway, the recovery condition of discarded pits were investigated and analyzed, soil physical and chemical properties were studied, and measures of vegetation restoration of discarded pits in Jurong City were put forward.

Key words Discarded pits; Soil physical and chemical properties; Vegetation restoration; Plant diversity

宕口是由人类活动对自然山体进行有目的的开发,如采石、挖砂后所废弃的荒山坡地与洼地[1]。废弃宕口作为一种遭受严重人为破坏的土地类型,其土壤的理化性质发生了巨大改变,宕口上的植被种类及数量都较周围未被破坏的土壤要少很多。由于植物在废弃宕口的自然定居过程极其缓慢,为了加速废弃宕口的植被恢复,开展人工修复,特别是根据宕口的具体条件,利用一定的技术措施开展人工修复工作,则是十分必要的[2]。句容区位优势明显,沪宁高铁横穿境内,文化与生态旅游是其经济发展的亮点。废弃宕口的产生,不仅严重破坏了当地森林资源和自然景观,还由于宕口几乎没有挡土墙等防止水土流失的措施,大多也未进行复垦绿化,造成水土流失、滑坡、河道堵塞等生态问题。可见,为了有效遏制宕口对城乡环境的不利影响和破坏,有效规划管理宕口环境和采取植被恢复措施已迫在眉睫。……

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